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Large-scale range expansion and variability in ommastrephid squid populations: a review of environmental links
1 January, 2008 by Paul Rodhouse
Over the last four decades, several ommastrephid squid stocks have shown rapid expansion and contraction, driving highly variable and sometimes boom and bust fisheries. These include Illex illecebrosus in the…Boundary layer characteristics and turbulent exchange mechanisms in highly complex terrain
1 January, 2008 by Alexandra Weiss
The Mesoscale Alpine Programme's Riviera project investigated the turbulence structure and related exchange processes in an Alpine valley by combining a detailed experimental campaign with high-resolution numerical modelling. The present…Proxies and measurement techniques for mineral dust in Antarctic ice cores
1 January, 2008 by Eric Wolff
To improve quantitative interpretation of ice core aeolian dust records, a systematic methodological comparison was made. This involved methods for water-insoluble particle counting (Coulter counter and laser-sensing particle detector), soluble…Read more on Proxies and measurement techniques for mineral dust in Antarctic ice cores
A new global biome reconstruction and data-model comparison for the Middle Pliocene
1 January, 2008
Aim To produce a robust, comprehensive global biome reconstruction for the Middle Pliocene (c. 3.6–2.6 Ma), which is based on an internally consistent palaeobotanical data set and a state-of-the-art coupled…Read more on A new global biome reconstruction and data-model comparison for the Middle Pliocene
Phylum Tardigrada: an “individual” approach
1 January, 2008 by Chester Sands, Katrin Linse, Peter Convey, Sandra McInnes, Sandra McInnes, Will Goodall-Copestake
Phylum Tardigrada consists of similar to 1000 tiny, hardy metazoan species distributed throughout terrestrial, limno-terrestrial and oceanic habitats. Their phylogenetic status has been debated, with current evidence placing them in…Palaeoecological tools for improving the management of coastal ecosystems: a case study from Lake King (Gippsland Lakes) Australia
1 January, 2008 by Dominic Hodgson
Since European settlement began over 200 years ago, many southeast Australian coastal lakes and lagoons have experienced substantial human impacts, including nutrient enrichment. Present day management and conservation efforts are…Circumpolar distribution of the pycnogonid-ectoparasitic gastropod Dickdellia labioflecta (Dell, 1990) (Mollusca: Zerotulidae)
1 January, 2008 by Huw Griffiths
The Antarctic gastropod Dickdellia labioflecta (Dell, 1990) (originally described as Laevilittorina (Corneolittorina) labioflecta) is an obligate parasite of pycnogonids, which exploits their body fluids through the cuticular gland holes (Lehmann…Stability of RNA isolated from post-mortem tissues of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
1 January, 2008
Studies of post-mortem interval on the stability of RNA from a number of various mammals have shown RNA to be stable for between 24 and 48 h following death. As…Read more on Stability of RNA isolated from post-mortem tissues of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)
The effects of hard-spectra solar proton events on the middle atmosphere
1 January, 2008 by Mark Clilverd
The stratospheric and mesospheric impacts of the solar proton events of January 2005 are studied here using ion and neutral chemistry modeling and subionospheric radio wave propagation observations and modeling.…Read more on The effects of hard-spectra solar proton events on the middle atmosphere
Review of modeling of losses and sources of relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt I: Radial transport
1 January, 2008 by Nigel Meredith
In this paper, we focus on the modeling of radial transport in the Earth's outer radiation belt. A historical overview of the first observations of the radiation belts is presented,…Review of modeling of losses and sources of relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt II: Local acceleration and loss
1 January, 2008 by Nigel Meredith
This paper focuses on the modeling of local acceleration and loss processes in the outer radiation belt. We begin by reviewing the statistical properties of waves that violate the first…Antarctic isotopic thermometer during a CO2 forced warming event
1 January, 2008 by Eric Wolff, Louise Sime
Results from an isotope-enabled general circulation model are presented in order to determine the isotopic signal of a warmer climate on Antarctica. The warming is forced using CO2 forecasts for…Read more on Antarctic isotopic thermometer during a CO2 forced warming event
Continuous benthic community change along a depth gradient in Antarctic shallows: evidence of patchiness but not zonation
1 January, 2008
Many shallow water polar communities demonstrate considerable change along a bathymetric gradient. However, it is currently unclear whether community change is generally continuous or discrete. To determine the nature of…Ecological traits of benthic assemblages in shallow Antarctic waters: does ice scour disturbance select for small, mobile, secondary consumers with high dispersal potential?
1 January, 2008
Benthic communities in nearshore habitats around Antarctica are strongly influenced by ice disturbance. It has been suggested that where ice scour disturbance is severe, the relative importance of certain ecological…Spatial variability in the distribution of dominant shallow-water benthos at Adelaide Island, Antarctica
1 January, 2008
Studies from temperate and tropical regions have shown that variability in the distribution of benthos exists at different spatial scales. There are very few similar studies from polar systems, the…Likely responses of the Antarctic benthos to climate-related changes in physical disturbance during the 21st century, based primarily on evidence from the West Antarctic Peninsula region
1 January, 2008 by David Barnes
Disturbance has always shaped the evolution and ecology of organisms and nowhere is this more apparent that on the iceberg gouged continental shelves of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP). The vast…Benthic community response to iceberg scouring at an intensely disturbed shallow water site at Adelaide Island, Antarctica
1 January, 2008 by David Barnes, Lloyd Peck
Disturbance is a key structuring force influencing shallow water communities at all latitudes. Polar nearshore communities are intensely disturbed by ice, yet little is known about benthic recovery following iceberg…Basaltic subglacial sheet-like sequences: evidence for two types with different implications for the inferred thickness of associated ice
1 January, 2008
Subglacially-erupted volcanic sequences provide proxies for a unique range of palaeo-ice parameters and they are potentially highly useful archives of palaeoenvironmental information, particularly for pre-Quaternary periods. They can thus be…Six million years of glacial history recorded in volcanic lithofacies of the James Ross Island Volcanic Group, Antarctic Peninsula
1 January, 2008 by Joanne Johnson
Basaltic volcanism in the James Ross Island region has been persistent over the last 6 million years resulting in at least 50 mainly effusive eruptions that are preserved predominantly as…Segregation between the sexes: Antarctic fur seals, Arctocephalus gazella, foraging at South Georgia
1 January, 2008 by Iain Staniland
Antarctic fur seals show extreme sexual size dimorphism and their breeding strategies place very different constraints on the behaviour of males and females. Whereas the foraging behaviour of lactating females…High-resolution Greenland ice core data show abrupt climate change happens in a few years
1 January, 2008
The last two abrupt warmings at the onset of our present warm interglacial period, interrupted by the Younger Dryas cooling event, were investigated at high temporal resolution from the North…Ontogenetic shifts in the trophic ecology of two alvinocaridid shrimp species at hydrothermal vents on the Mariana Arc, western Pacific Ocean
1 January, 2008
The Mariana Arc of submarine volcanoes has recently been the site of an international, interdisciplinary study into the structure and function of the associated hydrothermal systems. A broad size range…Trophic modes of large Antarctic Foraminifera: roles of carnivory, omnivory, and detritivory
1 January, 2008
Astrammina rara, Crithionina delacai, and Notodendrodes hyalinosphaira are 3 of the largest and most abundant members of the foraminiferal assemblage at a shallow-water (28 to 32 m) site in Explorers…Electron scattering by whistler-mode ELF hiss in plasmaspheric plumes
1 January, 2008 by Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne
Nonadiabatic loss processes of radiation belt energetic electrons include precipitation loss to the atmosphere due to pitch-angle scattering by various magnetospheric plasma wave modes. Here we consider electron precipitation loss…Read more on Electron scattering by whistler-mode ELF hiss in plasmaspheric plumes
A 60 000 year Greenland stratigraphic ice core chronology
1 January, 2008
The Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05) is a time scale based on annual layer counting of high-resolution records from Greenland ice cores. Whereas the Holocene part of the time…Read more on A 60 000 year Greenland stratigraphic ice core chronology
Post-breeding movement and activities of two streaked shearwaters in the north-western Pacific
1 January, 2008 by Philip Trathan, Vsevolod Afanasyev
We used miniature light-level/immersion loggers (geolocators) to study the movements and behavior of two Streaked Shearwaters (Calonectris leucomelas) during their travel away from Japan, after the breeding season. During the…External parasite infestation depends on moult-frequency and age in Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba)
1 January, 2008 by Geraint Tarling
Levels of infestation by the suctorian Ephelota sp. were determined in Antarctic krill taken in the north-eastern region of the Scotia sea, close to the island of South Georgia. Individuals…Life hung by a thread: endurance of Antarctic fauna in glacial periods
1 January, 2008 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Robert Larter
Today, Antarctica exhibits some of the harshest environmental conditions for life on Earth. During the last glacial period, Antarctic terrestrial and marine life was challenged by even more extreme environmental…Read more on Life hung by a thread: endurance of Antarctic fauna in glacial periods
The biology of polar regions
1 January, 2008 by Peter Convey
A doubling in snow accumulation in the western Antarctic Peninsula since 1850
1 January, 2008 by Gareth Marshall, Liz Thomas
We present results from a new medium depth (136 metres) ice core drilled in a high accumulation site (73.59S,70.36W) on the south-western Antarctic Peninsula during 2007. The Gomez record reveals…Read more on A doubling in snow accumulation in the western Antarctic Peninsula since 1850
A change in seasonality in Greenland during a Dansgaard–Oeschger warming
1 January, 2008 by Eric Wolff, Liz Thomas, Robert Mulvaney
A new sub-seasonal chemical record is presented from the North Greenland Icecore Project (NorthGRIP) ice core during the onset of one of the longest and strongest interstadials of the last…Read more on A change in seasonality in Greenland during a Dansgaard–Oeschger warming
Linear tracks and restricted temperature ranges characterise penguin foraging pathways
1 January, 2008 by Andrew Fleming, Martin Collins, Philip Trathan
Marine predators are thought to follow sophisticated scale-dependent search strategies when seeking patchy and unpredictable prey. However, fine-scale information about these strategies has hitherto been difficult to obtain for diving…Read more on Linear tracks and restricted temperature ranges characterise penguin foraging pathways
Population assessments of gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua) breeding at an important Antarctic tourist site, Goudier Island, Port Lockroy, Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica
1 January, 2008 by Jaume Forcada, Philip Trathan
Goudier Island is located in the Palmer Archipelago, to the west of the Antarctic Peninsula; it is one of the most frequently visited tourist sites in Antarctica. A number of…The 2007 Antarctic ozone hole
1 January, 2008 by Jonathan Shanklin
The 2007 Antarctic ozone hole is reviewed from a variety of perspectives, making use of various Australian data and analyses. The 2007 ozone hole was relatively modest, particularly in comparison…Root-fungal associations of Colobanthus quitensis and Deschampsia antarctica in the maritime and sub-Antarctic
1 January, 2008 by Kevin Newsham
The two native Antarctic vascular plant species, Colobanthus quitensis and Deschampsia antarctica, were sampled from 15 points along a 1480 km latitudinal transect from South Georgia (54°S, 36°W) through to…The relationship between the Southern Hemisphere Annular Mode and Antarctic Peninsula summer temperatures: analysis of a high-resolution model climatology
1 January, 2008 by Andrew Orr, Gareth Marshall, John King
The large regional summer warming on the east coast of the northern Antarctic Peninsula (AP), which has taken place since the mid-1960s, has previously been proposed to be caused by…Effects of climate variation on the abundance and distribution of flamingos in the Galapagos Islands
1 January, 2008
El Nino Southern Oscillation events have been associated with large fluctuations in seabird and landbird populations of the Galapagos Islands. We reveal different effects of climatic variation on the abundance…Three-dimensional test simulations of the outer radiation belt electron dynamics including electron-chorus resonant interactions
1 January, 2008 by Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne, Sarah Glauert
We present results from our three-dimensional (3-D) simulations using the Salammbô electron radiation belt physical model. We have run steady state and dynamic storm test case simulations to study the…Tectonic overview of the West Gondwana margin
1 January, 2008
The oceanic southern margin of Gondwana, from southern South America through South Africa, West Antarctica, New Zealand (in its pre break-up position), and Victoria Land to Eastern Australia is one…West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse – the fall and rise of a paradigm
1 January, 2008 by David Vaughan
It is now almost 30 years since John Mercer (1978) first presented the idea that climate change could eventually cause a rapid deglaciation, or “collapse”, of a large part of…Read more on West Antarctic Ice Sheet collapse – the fall and rise of a paradigm
Flow-switching and water piracy between Rutford Ice Stream and Carlson Inlet, West Antarctica
1 January, 2008 by Andy Smith, David Vaughan, Hugh Corr, Hamish Pritchard
Rutford Ice Stream and Carlson Inlet are neighbouring glaciers in West Antarctica. Rutford Ice Stream flows at speeds greater than 350m a(-1), whereas Carlson Inlet, which has some similar dimensions…Empowering marine science through genomics
1 January, 2008 by Melody Clark
Marine scientists in Europe summarize their successes with genome technologies in the marine sciences and make a plea for a concerted international effort to raise greater public education for support.On the characteristics of internal tides and coastal upwelling behaviour in Marguerite Bay, west Antarctic Peninsula
1 January, 2008 by Andrew Clarke, Michael Meredith
Internal waves and coastal upwelling have important roles in both physical oceanography and marine ecosystems, via processes such as mixing of water masses and transfer of heat and nutrients to…Variability in intertidal communities along a latitudinal gradient in the Southern Ocean
1 January, 2008
Despite being one of the most intensely studied habitat types worldwide, the intertidal region around Antarctica has received little more than superficial study. Despite this, the first detailed study of…Remotely-sensed spatial dynamics of the Illex argentinus fishery, Southwest Atlantic
1 January, 2008 by Claire Waluda, Huw Griffiths, Paul Rodhouse
Illex argentinus, the Argentine short-finned squid, is an important species within the Patagonian shelf ecosystem, where it supports a major multi-national fishery. The fishing fleet operating in this region is…Read more on Remotely-sensed spatial dynamics of the Illex argentinus fishery, Southwest Atlantic
Origin of Jovian hiss in the extended Io torus
1 January, 2008 by Richard Horne
Plasma wave observations on Voyager, Ulysses, and Galileo have shown that whistler-mode hiss at frequencies below one kHz is continuously present in the extended Io torus of Jupiter. Cyclotron resonant…Density-driven Southern Hemisphere subpolar gyres in coupled climate models
1 January, 2008 by Michael Meredith, Zhaomin Wang
We investigate the representation of Southern Hemisphere subpolar gyres in 20 IPCC AR4 climate models. The models reproduce three southern subpolar gyres: the Weddell Gyre, Ross Gyre, and Australian-Antarctic Gyre,…Read more on Density-driven Southern Hemisphere subpolar gyres in coupled climate models
The summertime plankton community at South Georgia (Southern Ocean): comparing the historical (1926/27) and modern (post 1995) records.
1 January, 2008 by Michael Meredith, Peter Ward
The earliest comprehensive plankton sampling programme in the Southern Ocean was 32 undertaken during the early part of last century by Discovery Investigations to gain a 33 greater scientific understanding…Natural complexity
1 January, 2008 by Mervyn Freeman
The use of complexity-based approaches may help to advance our understanding of Earth as a system.Metamorphic rocks in the Antarctic Peninsula region
1 January, 2008 by Alexander Tate
The distribution of metamorphic rocks in the Antarctic Peninsula region, new quantitative peak pressure-temperature data along the Antarctic Peninsula, and a literature review on the current knowledge of metamorphic conditions…Read more on Metamorphic rocks in the Antarctic Peninsula region
Formation, transport and decay of an intense phytoplankton bloom within the High-Nutrient Low-Chlorophyll belt of the Southern Ocean
1 January, 2008 by Sally Thorpe
The blooms associated with South Georgia coincide with the largest predicted carbon sink in the Southern Ocean. A major injection of iron and silica is required to sustain them over…Rapid warming of the ocean around South Georgia, Southern Ocean, during the 20th century: Forcings, characteristics and implications for lower trophic levels
1 January, 2008 by Michael Meredith, Peter Ward
The Southern Ocean is known to have warmed considerably during the second half of the 20th century but there are few locations with data before the 1950s. In addition, assessments…Late Ordovician (Hirnantian) scolecodont clusters from the Soom Shale Lagerstatte, South Africa
1 January, 2008 by Rowan Whittle
More than 20 partial scolecodout Clusters were recovered from the Soom Shale Lagerstatte, South Africa. The specimens were found in association with chitinozoans, algae, conodont apparatuses and the enigmatic needle-like…Generation of a buoyancy-driven coastal current by an Antarctic polynya
1 January, 2008
Descent and spreading of high salinity water generated by salt rejection during sea ice formation in an Antarctic coastal polynya is studied using a hydrostatic, primitive equation three-dimensional ocean model…Read more on Generation of a buoyancy-driven coastal current by an Antarctic polynya
The past 800 ka viewed through Antarctic ice cores
1 January, 2008 by Eric Wolff
The later parts of the Quaternary are of particular importance for assessing out ability to understand the future operation of the Earth because the main boundary conditions are similar to…Read more on The past 800 ka viewed through Antarctic ice cores
The significance of the moult cycle to cold tolerance in the Antarctic collembolan Cryptopygus antarcticus
1 January, 2008 by Roger Worland, Peter Convey
Research into the ecophysiology of arthropod cold tolerance has largely focussed on those parts of the year and/or the life cycle in which cold stress is most likely to be…Mapping ionospheric backscatter measured by the SuperDARN HF radars – Part 2: Assessing SuperDARN virtual height models
1 January, 2008 by Gareth Chisham
The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) network of HF coherent backscatter radars form a unique global diagnostic of large-scale ionospheric and magnetospheric dynamics in the northern and southern hemispheres.…Regional genetic diversity patterns in Antarctic hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica Desv.)
1 January, 2008
Aim To determine patterns in diversity of a major Antarctic plant species, including relationships of Antarctic populations with those outside the Antarctic zone. Location Antarctic Peninsula, Maritime Antarctica, sub-Antarctic islands,…RRS James Clark Ross Cruise 139, 05 Dec-12 Dec 2005. Drake Passage Repeat Hydrography: WOCE Southern Repeat Section 1b – Burdwood Bank to Elephant Island
1 January, 2008 by Michael Meredith
This report describes the eleventh occupation of the Drake Passage section, established during the World Ocean Circulation Experiment as repeat section SR1b. It was first occupied by Southampton Oceanography Centre…Biodiversity and biogeography of southern temperate and polar bryozoans
1 January, 2008 by David Barnes, Huw Griffiths
Aim To describe the distribution of biodiversity and endemism of bryozoans in southern temperate and polar waters. We hypothesized that we would find: (1) no strong latitudinal richness gradient; (2)…Read more on Biodiversity and biogeography of southern temperate and polar bryozoans
Investigating turbulent structure of ionospheric plasma velocity using the Halley SuperDARN radar
7 December, 2007 by Gareth Chisham, Mervyn Freeman
We present a detailed analysis of the spatial structure of the ionospheric plasma velocity in the nightside F-region ionosphere, poleward of the open-closed magnetic field line boundary (OCB), i.e. in…The mid Pliocene Warm Period : a test-bed for integrating data and models
1 December, 2007
In this paper we present a summary of palaeoclimate modelling activities carried out for the mid Pliocene, and demonstrate how a combined data and modelling approach has led to significant…Read more on The mid Pliocene Warm Period : a test-bed for integrating data and models
Model uncertainty in the ecosystem approach to fisheries
1 November, 2007 by John Turner, Simeon Hill
Fisheries scientists habitually consider uncertainty in parameter values, but often neglect uncertainty about model structure. The importance of this latter source of uncertainty is likely to increase with the greater…Read more on Model uncertainty in the ecosystem approach to fisheries
Quasi-biennial modulation of the semidiurnal tide in the upper mesosphere above Halley, Antarctica
1 November, 2007
We present an analysis of a long-term archive of horizontal wind data derived from meteor wind observations from a SuperDARN radar at Halley, Antarctica (76S, 27W). Systematic differences between the…Spiracle structure in ticks (Ixodida: Anactinotrichida: Arachnida): resume, taxonomic and functional significance
1 November, 2007
Spiracle and tracheal structure in the extant Ixodida is revised and shown to comprise 29 distinct component characters, some of which are common to all Anactinotrichida, while others are unique…Behaviour of tracer diffusion in simple atmospheric boundary layer models
8 October, 2007
1-D profiles and time series from an idealised atmospheric boundary layer model are presented, which show agreement with boundary layer measurements of polar NOx. Diffusion models are increasingly being used…Read more on Behaviour of tracer diffusion in simple atmospheric boundary layer models
Low-altitude measurements of 2–6 MeV electron trapping lifetimes at 1.5 ≤ L ≤ 2.5
1 October, 2007 by Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne, Sarah Glauert
During the Halloween Storm period (October–November 2003), a new Van Allen belt electron population was powerfully accelerated. The inner belt of electrons formed in this process decayed over a period…Read more on Low-altitude measurements of 2–6 MeV electron trapping lifetimes at 1.5 ≤ L ≤ 2.5
Seasonal variation of peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN) in coastal Antarctica measured with a new instrument for the detection of sub-part per trillion mixing ratios of PAN
7 September, 2007
An automated gas chromatograph with sample pre-concentration for the measurement of peroxyacetylnitrate (PAN) was constructed with a minimum detection limit below 1 pptv. This instrument was deployed at the British…Delayed arm regeneration in the Antarctic brittlestar Ophionotus victoriae
5 September, 2007 by Lloyd Peck, Melody Clark
We describe the levels of natural arm damage in the Antarctic brittle star Ophionotus victoriae and the rate of arm regeneration over the period of 1 yr, as measured in…Read more on Delayed arm regeneration in the Antarctic brittlestar Ophionotus victoriae
Temporal variability of the descent of high-alitutude NOx inferred from ionospheric data
1 September, 2007 by Mark Clilverd
In this study we investigate periods of enhanced ionization in the mesosphere during Northern Hemisphere wintertime. Long-lasting ionization enhancements (days) are typically produced by solar proton events or by the…Electron acceleration in the Van Allen radiation belts by fast magnetosonic waves
1 September, 2007 by Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne, Sarah Glauert
Local acceleration is required to explain electron flux increases in the outer Van Allen radiation belt during magnetic storms. Here we show that fast magnetosonic waves, detected by Cluster 3,…Read more on Electron acceleration in the Van Allen radiation belts by fast magnetosonic waves
An overview of snow photochemistry: evidence, mechanisms and impacts
22 August, 2007 by Anna Jones, Eric Wolff, Markus Frey
It has been shown that sunlit snow and ice plays an important role in processing atmospheric species. Photochemical production of a variety of chemicals has recently been reported to occur…Read more on An overview of snow photochemistry: evidence, mechanisms and impacts
The EDC3 chronology for the EPICA Dome C ice core
17 August, 2007 by Eric Wolff
The EPICA (European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica) Dome C drilling in East Antarctica has now been completed to a depth of 3260 m, at only a few meters…Read more on The EDC3 chronology for the EPICA Dome C ice core
“EDML1”: a chronology for the EPICA deep ice core from Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, over the last 150 000 years
7 August, 2007 by Eric Wolff
A chronology called EDML1 has been developed for the EPICA ice core from Dronning Maud Land (EDML). EDML1 is closely interlinked with EDC3, the new chronology for the EPICA ice…Ray tracing of penetrating chorus and its implications for the radiation belts
1 August, 2007 by Nigel Meredith
Using ray tracing and suprathermal electron distributions from CRRES, the final propagation latitudes of typical chorus rays are calculated as a function of L, MLT, AE, and initial wave normal…Read more on Ray tracing of penetrating chorus and its implications for the radiation belts
Radio echo sounding of Pine Island Glacier, West Antarctica: Aperture synthesis processing and analysis of feasibility from space
1 August, 2007 by David Vaughan, Hugh Corr
Airborne radio echo sounding of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet over Pine Island Glacier was performed in the austral summer of 2004/2005 under the National Science Foundation's West Antarctic Ice…Improved dynamic geomagnetic rigidity cutoff modeling: testing predictive accuracy
18 July, 2007 by Mark Clilverd, Tracy Moffat-Griffin
. In the polar atmosphere, significant chemical and ionization changes occur during solar proton events (SPE). The access of solar protons to this region is limited by the dynamically changing…Read more on Improved dynamic geomagnetic rigidity cutoff modeling: testing predictive accuracy
Synchronisation of the EDML and EDC ice cores for the last 52 kyr by volcanic signature matching
2 July, 2007 by Eric Wolff
A common time scale for the EPICA ice cores from Dome C (EDC) and Dronning Maud Land (EDML) has been established. Since the EDML core was not drilled on a…Arctic and Antarctic polar winter NOx and energetic particle precipitation in 2002-2006
1 June, 2007 by Mark Clilverd
We report GOMOS nighttime observations of middle atmosphere NO2 and O-3 profiles during eight recent polar winters in the Arctic and Antarctic. The NO2 measurements are used to study the…Read more on Arctic and Antarctic polar winter NOx and energetic particle precipitation in 2002-2006
Parameterization of radiation belt electron loss timescales due to interactions with chorus waves
1 June, 2007 by Nigel Meredith
Wave-particle interactions lead to the loss of relativistic electrons from the outer radiation belt on timescales ranging from hours to weeks. For a fixed value of chorus wave amplitudes pitch-angle…On the association between northward turnings of the interplanetary magnetic field and substorm onsets
1 April, 2007 by Mervyn Freeman
We re-examine whether substorms are triggered by solar wind fluctuations or an internal magnetospheric instability by comparing the statistical associations between substorm onsets and (1) an external trigger definition, (2)…Rapid climate change and the role of ocean circulation
27 March, 2007 by Eric Wolff
The role of the North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) in possible future rapid climate changes is much debated. The U.K. Natural Environment Research Council initiated a program called Rapid…Read more on Rapid climate change and the role of ocean circulation
Sensitivity of modelled atmospheric circulation to the representation of stable boundary layer processes
1 March, 2007 by John King
We examine the sensitivity of the modelled climate of the third generation Hadley Centre climate model to changes in the parametrization of surface and boundary-layer fluxes under stable stratification. Replacing…