Found 14112 items
1 December, 2025 by Alistair Monteath, Emma Young, Stephen Roberts, Tom Jordan, Teal Riley
Pumice rafts derived from submarine eruptions can remain afloat for months or even years, traveling thousands of kilometers on ocean currents. These natural phenomena disperse marine organisms and provide important…28 November, 2025
As sea ice retreats in a warming climate, the Arctic Ocean is becoming more energetic; yet little is known about this additional energy's distribution in the water column. We use…28 November, 2025 by Peter Convey
Microorganisms often occur in association with macroalgae, with the term “phycosphere” referring to the seaweed surface where they may be present. Phycosphere represents a poorly explored niche of marine diversity,…27 November, 2025 by Caroline Holmes
Antarctic sea ice showed a profound, step-wise reduction around 2016-2017, but the scarcity of modern time series means that we know very little about how Southern Ocean biota have responded.…26 November, 2025 by Dominic Hodgson
Understanding past variability in Antarctic sea ice is of critical importance to determine how it regulates global climate processes, biogeochemistry, and Southern Ocean marine ecosystems. Records of changes in Holocene…26 November, 2025 by Marie Attard
The surface texture of bird eggshells differs remarkably between species and is thought to play a substantial role in providing physical and microbial protection for the developing embryo. We used…25 November, 2025 by Xu Zhang
As shown by paleoclimate data and climate models, many climate systems on Earth undergo abrupt shifts when they cross tipping points (TPs), and these abrupt shifts are sometimes preceded by…25 November, 2025 by Xu Zhang
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) plays a critical role in regulating global heat and hydrological redistributions. A primary concern regarding AMOC is its potential future collapse, as suggested by…24 November, 2025
As top predators, leopard seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) have a key role in Southern Ocean ecosystems. For example, this species has driven the local collapse of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella)…Read more on Genomic analyses reveal trans-generational haul out site fidelity in leopard seals
23 November, 2025 by Peter Convey
Diversity, distribution and biogeographical aspects of polar macroalgae must be reassessed as they face contemporary environmental changes. Macroalgae are the basis of the marine food web, efficient carbon sinks, biogenic…21 November, 2025 by Kaine Bunting, Mark Clilverd, Nigel Meredith, Thomas Daggitt
Relativistic electrons are an important space weather hazard, being a major source of radiation damage to satellites and posing a risk to humans in space. We use approximately 20 years…20 November, 2025 by Richard Phillips
Background: Pelagic seabirds forage over vast areas, and their movements and diet provide valuable insights into environmental conditions that are otherwise difficult to observe. Snow petrels Pagodroma nivea forage largely…18 November, 2025 by Hamish Pritchard
The Tibetan Plateau is a high-altitude arid region, where limited in-situ precipitation measurements are available. In this communication, we document a strong precipitation gradient at the southern edge of the…16 November, 2025 by Hua Lu, John King, Thomas Caton Harrison, Thomas Bracegirdle
Near-surface marine winds in coastal Antarctica have global importance, as they affect ocean circulation and sea-ice variability. We test the sensitivities of simulated near-surface winds and wind stress in coastal…15 November, 2025 by Teal Riley
The Antarctic Peninsula preserves a long history of Late Paleozoic and Mesozoic magmatism that reflects dynamic processes along the southwestern Gondwanan convergent margin. Granitoid magmatism is widespread across the Peninsula…Read more on Age and geology of granitoids in northeast Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula
15 November, 2025 by Alistair Monteath
Eastern Beringia (Alaska and western Yukon) is an extensive, high-latitude region of North America that remained largely unglaciated throughout the Quaternary. Consequently, its sedimentary deposits preserve long-term environmental records that…15 November, 2025 by Peter Convey
Plastic pollution has reached the remote terrestrial ecosystems of Antarctica, but the extent to which microplastics are affecting native terrestrial invertebrates has not been assessed. Using Antarctica's only endemic insect,…13 November, 2025 by Connor Bamford, Jamie Coleman, John Dickens, Nathan Fenney, Philip Hollyman, Peter Fretwell, John Dickens
The emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) has caused widespread mortality wildlife globally. In 2023, mass mortalities of southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina were observed in South America,…12 November, 2025 by Josephine Anselin
Ocean-driven melting of floating ice shelves is currently the main process controlling Antarctica’s contribution to sea level rise. However, despite major advances in the study of ice shelf-ocean interaction over…Read more on Ocean mixing and heat transport beneath Antarctic ice shelves
12 November, 2025 by Peter Convey
The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) adopted a work program (2019–2030) that included, under its first objective, the interlinkages between biodiversity and climate change (IPBES, 2019).…Read more on Editorial: Biodiversity of Antarctic and Subantarctic ecosystems
7 November, 2025 by Michael Haigh
Coupled with the Antarctic Slope Front (ASF), the Antarctic Slope Current (ASC) mostly encircles Antarctica and has variable structures. Two regimes of the ASC/ASF have been identified in the Ross…7 November, 2025 by Paul Holland
Anomalous freshwater fluxes from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets and ice shelves are impacting the surrounding oceans, and we need to be able to account for these effects in…5 November, 2025 by Peter Convey
Dryas octopetala is one of the most important botanical components of Arctic tundra. In parts of the Norwegian High Arctic Archipelago of Svalbard it can face strong grazing pressure, in…5 November, 2025 by Carlos Martin Garcia
Numerical age models are useful tools for investigating the age of the ice in an ice sheet. They can be used to date ice cores or to interpret isochronal horizons…3 November, 2025 by Alison McLaren, Louise Sime, Qinggang Gao
There is an increasing need to understand how water is cycled and transported within the atmosphere, to aid water management. Here, atmospheric water tracers are added to the Met Office…Read more on Implementation of water tracers in the Met Office Unified Model
3 November, 2025 by James Kirkham
This policy brief summarizes for policymakers the extensive assessment contained in the peer-reviewed paper Siegert et al., 2025 “Safeguarding the polar regions from dangerous geoengineering: a critical assessment of proposed…Read more on Policy Brief: Safeguarding the polar regions from dangerous geoengineering
1 November, 2025 by Alison Cleary
Understanding diet composition is essential for unravelling trophic interactions in aquatic ecosystems. DNA metabarcoding, utilising various variable regions of the 18S rRNA gene, is increasingly employed to investigate zooplankton diet…1 November, 2025 by Peter Convey
Globalization has increased human movement, transforming ecosystems and introducing non-native species that threaten biodiversity, particularly in Antarctica. Due to its harsh climatic conditions, Antarctica has largely remained protected from biological…1 November, 2025 by Richard Horne
On 15 February 2018 a co-rotating interaction region (CIR) from an equatorial coronal hole reached the Earth. The CIR initiated a moderate and slowly intensifying geomagnetic storm, which began with…28 October, 2025 by Tasnuva Khan
Modern day benthic community composition and distribution in the Southern Ocean are influenced by a variety of environmental and evolutionary factors across different spatial scales. Depth, temperature, salinity, and sea…28 October, 2025 by Peter Davis
Pine Island Bay (PIB), situated in the Amundsen Sea, is renowned for its retreating ice shelves and highly variable sea ice. While brine rejection from sea ice formation and glacial…28 October, 2025 by Caroline Holmes, Thomas Bracegirdle
Antarctic sea ice area exhibited an abrupt decline in 2015–2016, transitioning from a near record maximum state to a then-record minimum state. The underlying drivers are still being studied, raising…Read more on Extreme Antarctic Sea Ice Loss Facilitated by Negative Shift of Southern Annular Mode
28 October, 2025 by Xu Zhang
A critical gap in East Asian summer monsoon research is the lack of speleothem records from its northeasternmost fringe, hindering tests of orbital-scale monsoon variability at higher latitudes. Our new…28 October, 2025 by Gabriele Stowasser, Jose Marques Queiros, Jose Dos Santos Abreu, Martin Collins, Mark Belchier, Philip Hollyman
Understanding food-web structure is crucial to determine the functioning of ecosystems and sustainably manage resources. The Scotia Sea is an important area for Antarctic krill and toothfish fisheries, and one…28 October, 2025 by Christopher Auckland, Povl Abrahamsen, Keith Nicholls, Michael Meredith, Peter Davis, Pierre Dutrieux, Shenjie Zhou
Continuous moored time series of temperature, salinity, pressure and current speed and direction are of great importance for understanding the continental shelf and under-ice-shelf dynamics and thermodynamics that govern water…27 October, 2025 by Chester Sands
The phylum Echinodermata is a familiar constituent of almost every marine environment and a predominant portion of the fauna in some regions. As with most marine taxa, the clade is…24 October, 2025 by Clara Manno, Florence Atherden, Geraint Tarling, Peter Ward
The Southern Ocean is a globally significant site of carbon sequestration with the copepod community exerting a strong influence on the carbon flux. Currently, a holistic understanding of Southern Ocean…Read more on Seasonal analysis of Southern Ocean copepod ecology using a moored sediment trap
23 October, 2025 by Alex Brisbourne, Andy Smith, Rebecca Schlegel
Basal conditions that facilitate fast ice flow are still poorly understood and their parameterization in ice‐flow models results in high uncertainties in ice‐flow and consequent sea‐level rise projections. Direct observations…23 October, 2025
Plastic pollution in the ocean is a global environmental issue, with buoyant debris accumulating at the surface and posing long-term ecological threats. Although sediments are the ultimate sink for plastics,…23 October, 2025 by Peter Convey
We evaluated the diversity and biotechnological potential of culturable fungi from sediments of Florencia and Katerina lakes, James Ross Island, maritime Antarctica. A total of 57 fungal isolates, belonging to…22 October, 2025 by Joanne Johnson, Tom Jordan, Teal Riley
Subglacial geology plays a key role in determining the rate of ice flow and sensitivity of the glacial system to atmospheric or ocean warming. However, bedrock geology is often poorly…22 October, 2025 by Katie Lowery, Paul Holland, Pierre Dutrieux
Ice shelves buttress the grounded ice sheet, restraining its flow into the ocean. Mass loss from these ice shelves occurs primarily through ocean-induced basal melting, with the highest melt rates…21 October, 2025 by Ainsley Hatt, David Barnes, Lloyd Peck, Melody Clark
Predicting how benthic assemblages respond to ocean warming remains a central challenge in marine ecology. Artificial units of habitat such as settlement plates have long been used to study marine…21 October, 2025 by Ben Evans
Multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) integrates diverse types of data via machine learning to improve understanding, prediction and decision-making across disciplines such as healthcare, science and engineering. However, most multimodal AI…Read more on Towards deployment-centric multimodal AI beyond vision and language
20 October, 2025 by Alex Brisbourne, Alvaro Arenas Pingarron, Carlos Martin Garcia, Carl Robinson, Hugh Corr, Tom Jordan, Alvaro Pingarron Arenas
Ground-penetrating radar reveals subsurface geometry and ice stratigraphy that contains information about past and present dynamics of the cryosphere. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) is a processing technique based on averaging…20 October, 2025 by Carlos Martin Garcia, Tom Jordan
Radio-echo sounding (RES) has revealed an internal architecture within both the West and East Antarctic ice sheets that records their depositional, deformational and melting histories. Crucially, RES-imaged internal-reflecting horizons, tied…19 October, 2025 by Kaitlin Naughten
The world's oceans and their biodiversity are undergoing change driven by climate change and anthropogenic impacts such as fishing. The Kerguelen Plateau is a biodiversity hotspot with many endemic fish…17 October, 2025 by Nigel Meredith, Sarah Glauert
The Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) observed the response of the Van Allen radiation belts to peak solar activity within solar cycle 22. This study analyses relativistic and…15 October, 2025 by Ingrid Cnossen
Climate change is inducing a global atmospheric contraction above the tropopause (~10 km), leading to systematic decrease in neutral air density. The impact of climate change on small meteoroids has…Read more on Century-scale effect of climate change on meteorite falls
15 October, 2025 by Richard Phillips
Light-based geolocation can be an effective tool for understanding movements and distributions of free-ranging seabirds, particularly during migrations and long-distance foraging trips. The light levels recorded by geolocators (global location…Read more on Quantifying the effect of time on geolocation accuracy in seabirds
15 October, 2025 by Dave Munday
The global ocean’s overturning circulation plays an important role in climate and climate variability through its transport of heat, freshwater and nutrients. As part of this three-dimensional overturning circulation, dense…Read more on Aspects of the Global Thermohaline Circulation in the Absence of Wind Forcing
14 October, 2025 by Oliver Marsh
The stability of the Antarctic Ice Sheet depends on ice flux into the ocean through major outlet glaciers, which is resisted by shear stresses in the lateral shear margins, both…13 October, 2025 by Alexandra Weiss
Coupled Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models have only recently been implemented for short-term environmental prediction and both challenges and benefits are evident in polar regions. Their simulation of surface exchange…Read more on Rapid Summertime Sea Ice Melt in a Coupled Numerical Weather Prediction System
13 October, 2025 by Alexander Brearley, Kate Hendry
The flux of nutrients from continents to the oceans sustains oceanic primary productivity and is a fundamental component of the carbon cycle. In most regions of the world's oceans primary…9 October, 2025 by Andrew Orr, Ella Gilbert, Siddharth Gumber, Tony Phillips
Antarctica's weather and climate have global impacts, influencing weather patterns, ocean currents and sea levels worldwide. However, Antarctica is vast and complex, and the atmospheric processes that govern its climate…9 October, 2025 by Peter Convey
Maritime Antarctica experiences less extreme environmental conditions than much of the Antarctic continent and has further been impacted by considerable warming in recent decades. While inventories exist of macroscopic Antarctic…8 October, 2025 by Irene Malmierca Vallet, Louise Sime, Rahul Sivankutty, Sentia Goursaud
The Last Interglacial (LIG) period, approximately 130 000 to 115 000 years ago, represents one of the warmest intervals of the past 800 000 years. Here, we simulate water isotopes in precipitation over…8 October, 2025 by Paul Holland, Yavor Kostov
The importance of Antarctic iceberg meltwater for the Southern Ocean has been a strong incentive to include Lagrangian icebergs in ocean and climate models. However, the modeled iceberg thickness has…Read more on Iceberg Grounding Enhances the Release of Freshwater on the Antarctic Continental Shelf
8 October, 2025
The seasonality of Arctic sea ice cover significantly influences heat, salt, buoyancy fluxes, ocean-ice stresses, and the potential and kinetic energy stored in the ocean mixed layer. This study examines…Read more on Variability of the Kinetic Energy in Seasonally Ice‐Covered Oceans
7 October, 2025 by David Pearce
Svalbard is host to a range of glacier types with different thermal regimes, behaviors and complex hydrological networks and landforms. Here, we hypothesize that the (H1) surge-type glaciers will host…Read more on Microbial Communities in Sediments From Different Landform Systems, Svalbard
7 October, 2025 by Xin Yang
Tropospheric ozone depletion events (ODEs) occurring in the Arctic spring are a unique photochemical phenomenon in which the boundary layer ozone drops rapidly to near-zero levels. However, the criterion for…6 October, 2025 by Oliver Marsh
Full-thickness ice shelf fractures, known as rifts, create tabular icebergs that can reduce ice shelf extent and thereby jeopardize overall marine ice sheet stability. Low confidence in the scientific understanding…6 October, 2025 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Xu Zhang
Between ~800 and 430 thousand years ago lukewarm interglacials were characterized by lower atmospheric CO2 levels and colder Antarctic temperatures than subsequent interglacials. The Southern Ocean is thought to have…Read more on Enhanced deep Southern Ocean stratification during the lukewarm interglacials
6 October, 2025 by Victoria Peck
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) exerts substantial control on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the Southern Ocean, playing a key role in modulating the global carbon cycle and…4 October, 2025 by Jenny Wong, Nigel Meredith
Numerical models of energetic electron behavior in the outer radiation belt require descriptions of the wave‐particle interactions across the inner magnetosphere. Quasilinear diffusion coefficients describe gyro‐resonant wave‐particle interactions over large…Read more on Occurrence Rates and Variability of Whistler‐Mode Waves in the Plasma Trough
3 October, 2025 by Lloyd Peck, Richard Phillips
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widespread environmental pollutants that can bioaccumulate in biota and cause a variety of adverse effects. Seabirds are useful bioindicators of pollutants in marine food…2 October, 2025 by Gaelle Veyssiere, Jeremy Wilkinson
The recent alignment of CryoSat-2 to maximise orbital coincidence with the Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica in July 2022, known as the…2 October, 2025 by Gaelle Veyssiere, Jeremy Wilkinson
For the first time, a comparison of altimetry-derived snow depth estimates between dual-frequency spaceborne and near-coincident multi-frequency airborne estimates is conducted using data from the recent under-flight of a CryoSat-2…1 October, 2025 by Robert Mulvaney
The Beyond EPICA Oldest Ice project is a European project that aims to retrieve a continuous ice core up to 1.5 Ma through deep drilling at Little Dome C (LDC), Antarctica.…Read more on Age, thinning and spatial origin of the Beyond EPICA ice from a 2.5D ice flow model
1 October, 2025 by Peter Convey
Additives such as stabilizers, plasticizers, and fillers are commonly used in relatively small amounts to enhance the structure of plastics. Notably, some of these additives, including moieties of compounds containing…1 October, 2025 by Andrew Orr
We show that low-level jets (LLJs) occurred in 11 out of 22 radiosonde profiles in late austral summer over the coastal region of the Amundsen Sea Embayment, with ten of…1 October, 2025 by Aanchal Jain, Clara Manno, Kevin Hughes
Microplastic release in Antarctica is an issue of increasing concern, despite the limited human presence in the region. This study estimates the annual release of microplastics from the wastewaters of…1 October, 2025 by Michael Meredith
Sea ice in the Southern Ocean substantially modifies atmosphere–ice–ocean fluxes of energy, freshwater, carbon, nutrients, and other important properties. It redistributes these quantities in space and time, modifies water masses…1 October, 2025 by Alexandra Weiss, Markus Frey, Romy Hall, Thomas Bracegirdle, Xin Yang
Polar Winter Climate and Processes: Towards Filling Knowledge Gaps in the Understanding of the Coupled Climate System Recordings: Over 110 participants registered for this hybrid workshop, from 18 countries representing…Read more on Why Polar Winter Climate and Processes? [Meeting Report]
1 October, 2025 by Alex Brisbourne, Ronan Agnew
Thwaites Glacier in West Antarctica has been identified as a route to destabilization of the whole West Antarctic Ice Sheet, potentially leading to several meters of sea‐level rise. However, future…1 October, 2025 by Michael Meredith
Changes in the hydrological cycle can affect ocean circulation and ventilation. Freshwater enters the ocean as meteoric water (MW; precipitation, river runoff, and glacial discharge) and sea ice meltwater (SIM).…1 October, 2025 by Mark Clilverd
Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) in grounded, conducting infrastructure (e.g., power networks) represent an important space weather hazard. GICs are driven by the changing magnetic field at the Earth's surface. Due…1 October, 2025 by Michael Thorne
The Mekong River is experiencing dramatic hydrological and sediment transport changes, largely due to the development of hydropower dams, both on its mainstream and tributaries. We ask, “how well do…28 September, 2025 by Irene Malmierca Vallet, John Slattery, Louise Sime, Xu Zhang
Several general circulation models have now demonstrated the ability to simulate spontaneous millennial-scale oscillations that resemble Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) events. It is often unclear how representative of DO events these simulations…26 September, 2025 by Paul Holland
Understanding long-term climate variability in the high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere is critical due to the key role of the Southern Ocean in the global climate system. However, sparse…Read more on Dynamical reconstruction of Southern Ocean and Antarctic climate variability since 1700
26 September, 2025 by Floortje Van Den Heuvel
Aerosol–cloud interactions and ice production processes are important factors that influence mixed-phase cold-air outbreak (CAO) clouds and their contribution to cloud-phase feedback. Recent case studies of CAO events suggest that…25 September, 2025 by Gareth Chisham
Imagers that observe optical or ultraviolet emissions from the atmosphere are commonly used to identify and study ionospheric phenomena. These phenomena include the auroral oval, equatorial plasma bubbles, and traveling…Read more on Automated Identification of Auroral Luminosity Boundaries Using pyIntensityFeatures
24 September, 2025 by Irene Malmierca Vallet, Louise Sime
Given that the Arctic could be ice-free in summer within the next ten to twenty years, accurately predicting low-ice states is of crucial importance. Paleo-evidence shows that the strong orbitally-induced…23 September, 2025 by Alison Cleary
Understanding how species survive at their poleward limits of distribution is of interest in species conservation, particularly in light of global warming and predictions of shifting distributions of both predators…23 September, 2025 by Lloyd Peck, Peter Convey, Peter Fretwell
Snow algae form extensive blooms within Antarctica’s coastal snowpacks and are a crucial contributor to its scarce terrestrial ecosystems. There is limited knowledge about the factors that contribute to snow…23 September, 2025 by Andrew Orr, Scott Hosking, Kenza Tazi
Water resources from the Indus Basin sustain over 270 million people. However, water security in this region is threatened by climate change. This is especially the case for the upper…22 September, 2025 by Alistair Crame, Teal Riley
We present a new 1:500 000 geological map of Alexander Island of West Antarctica. The map, combined with recent detrital zircon analysis, defines an updated chronostratigraphy for the Fossil Bluff…Read more on The geology of Alexander Island (Antarctic Peninsula): a new 1:500 000 geological map
18 September, 2025 by Kate Hendry
This study investigates the relationship between the silicon (Si) isotopic composition of sponge skeletal silica (δ30SibSi) and seawater characteristics in sponge habitats, specifically the concentration of dissolved silicic acid and…Read more on Revisiting the silicon isotopic signal of sponge skeletons and its implications
17 September, 2025 by Gaelle Veyssiere
Arctic sea ice is projected to thin and reduce in extent significantly over the next century. Both sea ice and its overlying snow limit the amount of light that reaches…16 September, 2025 by Peisong Zheng, Thomas Bauska
The last deglaciation, ca. 17,000–11,000 years before present (yr BP), marks the most recent period of large-scale climate reorganization on Earth. However, the timing and spatial patterns of the initial…Read more on Early warming over the Southern Ocean during the last deglaciation
16 September, 2025
Greenland's fjords modulate exchanges between its outlet glaciers and the open ocean. Subglacial discharge and iceberg melt redistribute heat and salt in the fjord, modifying waters at glacier fronts and…Read more on Controls on Fjord Temperature Throughout Greenland in a Reduced‐Physics Model
16 September, 2025 by Simeon Hill, Susie Grant
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is the central prey species in the Southern Ocean food web, supporting the largest and fastest-growing fishery in the region, managed by the Commission for the…15 September, 2025 by Peter Convey
Background/Objectives: We evaluated eukaryotic diversity in two cores obtained from abyssal sediments collected at depths of 4280 m and 4444 m in the equatorial Atlantic, between the Fernando de Noronha…15 September, 2025 by Simon Morley
The sub-Antarctic and polar fronts are features of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current that separates the South Atlantic and Southern Ocean. These fronts act as both a physical and physiological barrier…