Radio-echo investigations of Ronne Ice Shelf
1 January, 1986
Since 1981, the British Antarctic Survey has flown 27 000 line kilometres over Ronne Ice Shelf, during which radio-echo ice thicknesses were recorded. An earlier map of ice thickness was…Our publications
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Late Mesozoic bipolar bivalve faunas
1 January, 1986 by Alistair Crame
Bipolar bivalve genera probably existed through the greater part of late Mesozoic (i.e. late Jurassic–late Cretaceous) time. Of the various theories put forward to account for their presence, those based…Environmental factors influencing decomposition rates in two Antarctic moss communities
1 January, 1986
Rates of disappearance of dead material of Polytrichum alpestre and Chorisodontium aciphyllum from a moss turf community and of Drepanocladus uncinatus, Calliergon sarmentosum and Cephaloziella varians from a moss carpet…Read more on Environmental factors influencing decomposition rates in two Antarctic moss communities
A simple graphical method for dealiasing digital ionosonde echo location data
1 January, 1986
A simple user interactive technique that allows digital ionosonde sky map echo location data to be dealiased uniquely is described. Unambiguous tracking of large‐scale ionospheric features is thus made possible.…Read more on A simple graphical method for dealiasing digital ionosonde echo location data
Empirical models of the electron concentration of the ionosphere and their value for radio communications purposes
1 January, 1986
The availability of representative empirical models of the variation of the electron concentration with height in the ionosphere is one critical element in the development of practical schemes for providing…Metabolic constraints on burst-swimming in the Antarctic teleost Notothenia neglecta
1 January, 1986
Immediate-energy-supply pathways were analysed during burst-swimming in white muscle of the Antarctic fish Notothenia neglecta, (collected during Austral summer 1984 near Signy Island, South Orkneys). Selected enzyme activities were determined,…Read more on Metabolic constraints on burst-swimming in the Antarctic teleost Notothenia neglecta
Effectiveness of the RMT8 system for sampling krill (Euphausia superba) swarms
1 January, 1986
The effectiveness of the Rectangular Midwater Trawl (RMT) for sampling krill swarms was studied by observing the behaviour of swarms in the vicinity of the net using echosounders. Large scale…Read more on Effectiveness of the RMT8 system for sampling krill (Euphausia superba) swarms
Growth rings in Cretacous and Tertiary wood from Antarctica and their palaeoclimatic implications
1 January, 1986 by Jane Francis
Although the Antarctic Peninsula now has a glacial climate, during the Cretaceous and early Tertiary it was sufficiently warm for forests to thrive, even at palaeolatitudes of 59°-62° S. The…Reproductive endocrinology of the Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans in relation to biennial breeding and deferred sexual maturity
1 January, 1986
The reproductive endocrinology of the Wandering Albatross Diomedea exulans was studied at South Georgia to investigate the potential endocrine correlates of biennial breeding and of the acquisition of sexual maturity.…Recent measurements of Antarctic ozone depletion
1 January, 1986 by Jonathan Shanklin
Measurements of total ozone at Halley Bay, Antarctica, are presented for the six most recent observing seasons, 1980‐86, showing the consistency and progress of the spring ozone depletion. The principal…Read more on Recent measurements of Antarctic ozone depletion
Observations of forced oscillations of the magnetosphere by a geostationary satellite and an extensive ground magnetometer array
1 January, 1986
We present results from the analysis of magnetometer measurements of one of the clearest observations of a double resonance Pc4 pulsation to date. The Pc4, with a period of 55…Rock moisture content in the field and the laboratory and its relationship to mechanical weathering studies
1 January, 1986
Rock moisture content is a major control of mechanical weathering, particularly freeze‐thaw, and yet almost no data exist from field situations. This study presents moisture content values for rocks, taken…The effects of temperature and moisture on dark respiration in the foliose lichen Umbilicaria antarctica
1 January, 1986
The dark respiration of field‐fresh thalli of Umbilicaria antarctica Frey et Lamb is reported for temperatures from −5.5 to 19°C, and water contents from saturation to dryness. Detailed analysis of…Further evidence for the ionospheric contribution to convection within the plasmasphere
1 January, 1986
VLF goniometers have been used to study the direction of plasma convection in the evening plasmasphere. The results suggest that sometimes even for L values greater than 4 the electric…Read more on Further evidence for the ionospheric contribution to convection within the plasmasphere
Reduction of ambiguities in HF radar results through a revised receiving antenna array and sounding pattern
1 January, 1986
The reconfiguration of both the receiver dipole array and the pulse set used by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) HF radar enables all ambiguity in polarization to be…Io plasma torus and the source of jovian kilometric radiation (bKOM)
1 January, 1986
One of the many discoveries by Voyagers 1 and 2 during their flyby of Jupiter was the detection of radio emission at kilometric wavelengths1,2 in the frequency range 20–500 kHz.…Read more on Io plasma torus and the source of jovian kilometric radiation (bKOM)
Staphylococcus aureus in Antarctica: carriage and attempted eradication
1 January, 1986
The carriage of Staphylococcus aureus was studied in a group of 28 men living in a totally isolated environment for a year. Initially, nasal, axillary and perineal swabs were taken…Read more on Staphylococcus aureus in Antarctica: carriage and attempted eradication
Typing of strains of Staphylococcus aureus by Western Blot analysis of culture supernates
1 January, 1986
Extracellular proteins produced by Staphylococcus aureus strains were examined by Western Blot analysis with blood donor plasma as a source of antibodies. Comparison of epidemiologically related strains showed strong concordance…The relationship between dominance behaviour, bill size and age group in Greater Sheathbills Chionis alba
1 January, 1986
A dominance hierarchy developed within a wintering flock of Greater Sheathbills which fed regularly at a concentrated artificial food source. Each bir's dominance position was determined from the proportion of…Proximal to distal sedimentological variation in a linear turbidite trough: implications for the fan model
1 January, 1986
Determination of geographically dependent sedimentological variation (‘proximality’) in ancient flysch deposits formed an important part of early turbidite studies. Attempts to quantify this variation highlighted anomalies which were neatly resolved…Ductile thrusting within subduction complex rocks on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands
1 January, 1986
A model involving repeated NNW-directed ductile thrusting in subduction complex rocks on Signy Island. South Orkney Islands, accounts for the consistent NNW-trending alignment of fold axes, stretching and shearing directions.…Read more on Ductile thrusting within subduction complex rocks on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands
Oxygen consumption and nitrogen excretion in the Antarctic brachiopod Liothyrella uva (Jackson, 1912) under simulated winter conditions
1 January, 1986 by Andrew Clarke, Lloyd Peck
The metabolism of the Antarctic brachiopod Liothyrella uva (Jackson, 1912) has been investigated in the laboratory under simulated winter conditions of low temperature and no food. Under such conditions the…Antarctic aquatic ecosystems as habitats for phytoplankton
1 January, 1986
Summary 1. The Southern Ocean is a large‐scale, relatively homogeneous upwelling ecosystem whose phytoplankton apparently grows suboptimally over much of its area. By contrast there is a wide variety of…Read more on Antarctic aquatic ecosystems as habitats for phytoplankton
Some environmental factors influencing phytoplankton in the Southern Ocean around South Georgia
1 January, 1986
Data on phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass, and physical and chemical variables, are combined with a published multivariate description of diatom species composition to interpret variation within an area around South…Pelites of the Glen Urquhart serpentinite–metamorphic complex, west of Loch Ness (Anomalous local limestone–pelite successions within the Moine outcrop: III)
1 January, 1986
The c. 6 km2 complex comprises graphitic/pyritic, mainly kyanite-rich pelites, interbanded with metalimestones and invaded by foliated serpentinites. It is enveloped by typically Moinian psammites, semipelites and pelites. Previously regarded…The poleward edge of the mid-latitude trough—its formation, orientation and dynamics
1 January, 1986
Data from the Advanced Ionospheric Sounder (AIS) deployed at Halley, Antarctica (76°S, 27°W; L = 4.2) and the Dynamics Explorer-2 spacecraft (DE-2) are used to investigate several aspects of the…Read more on The poleward edge of the mid-latitude trough—its formation, orientation and dynamics
Observations of the effects of DPY currents at sub-auroral latitudes
1 January, 1986
Magnetograms from Lerwick, Scotland and Halley, Antarctica are used to show that the effects of the DPY current system can frequently be detected at these sub-auroral observatories. It is found…Read more on Observations of the effects of DPY currents at sub-auroral latitudes
Distribution of the early-life phase of the Antarctic squid Galiteuthis glacialis in relation to the hydrology of the Southern Ocean in the sector 15� to 30�E
1 January, 1986 by Paul Rodhouse
During R.R.S. “Discovery” Cruise 100 in the Southern Ocean (1979), 620 specimens of the Antarctic cranchiid squid Galiteuthis glacialis (Chun) were caught in the RMT8 opening-closing net, to the south…Factors affecting the breeding performance of Antarctic blue-eyed shags Phalacrocorax atriceps
1 January, 1986
The breeding performance of Blue-eyed shags of known age (up to 12 yr old) was studied on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands for three seasons. Mate change between seasons was…Flow of the Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica, derived from Landsat images, 1974–85
1 January, 1986
Satellite images recorded in 1973, 1974, and 1985 of the Brunt Ice Shelf are compared. There are sufficient identifiable features moving with the ice shelf to show flow patterns over…Read more on Flow of the Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica, derived from Landsat images, 1974–85
Multispectral digital image mapping of Antarctic ice features
1 January, 1986
Landsat multispectral images of the Antarctic ice sheet have been digitally enhanced by the US Geological Survey to show ice surface features not seen in earlier photographic products of the…Read more on Multispectral digital image mapping of Antarctic ice features
The selection of conservation areas in Antarctica: An example using the arthropod fauna of Antarctic islands
1 January, 1986
Four conservation areas in the maritime Antarctic (three Specially Protected Areas and a Site of Special Scientific Interest) are compared with neighbouring islands which have not been awarded similar conservation…Differences between swarms of Antarctic krill and some implications for sampling krill populations
1 January, 1986 by Jonathan Watkins
Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba Dana, were sampled from 28 discrete swarms in a small area south west of Elphant Island, South Shetlands, over a period of 14 d (24 February-9…Implications of tde form of the flow law for vertical velocity and age–Depth profiles in polar ice
1 January, 1986 by Eric Wolff
Two situations are studied in relation to the flow law of polar ice. In each case, models are used with a flow-law exponent of one, and with the more traditional…Plasma waves and wave—particle interactions seen at the UKS spacecraft during the AMPTE artificial comet experiment
1 January, 1986
Wave and particle correlator experiments on board the UKS revealed a wide range of plasma wave and wave-particle interactions associated with the 27 December 1984 artificial comet release just outside…Survival and water loss in some Antarctic arthropods
1 January, 1986 by Roger Worland, William Block
Seven species of Antarctic micro-arthropods (4 mites and 3 collembolans) were examined to determine their resistance to dehydration and their survival under dry conditions. Water loss at r.h. 5% at…Read more on Survival and water loss in some Antarctic arthropods
Calorific values and elemental analysis of eleven species of oceanic squids (Mollusca:Cephalopoda)
1 November, 1985 by Andrew Clarke
Cephalopods may be divided into five types according to their buoyancy. Members of several families such as the Octopodidae, Loliginidae and Ommastrephidae are negatively buoyant and must swim to stay…Lipid biochemistry and reproductive biology in two species of Gammaridae (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
1 September, 1985 by Andrew Clarke
Gammarus oceanicus Segerstråle, 1947 and Echinogammarus marinus (Leach, 1815) were sampled during the breeding season from Oslofjord in 1984, and their lipid composition examined in relation to reproductive condition. In…Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica reveal seasonal ClOx/NOx interaction
1 May, 1985 by Jonathan Shanklin
Recent attempts to consolidate assessments of the effect of human activities on stratospheric ozone (O3) using one-dimensional models for 30° N have suggested that perturbations of total O3 will remain…Read more on Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica reveal seasonal ClOx/NOx interaction