Showing 13481 items
1 January, 2002
Knowledge of the late Miocene-Pliocene climate of West Antarctica, recorded by sedimentary units within the James Ross Island Volcanic Group, is still fragmentary. Late Miocene glacio-marine deposits at the base…1 January, 2002 by Michael Pinnock
[1] We have analyzed in detail the evolution of nightside auroral activities and ionospheric convection during the growth phase of an isolated substorm. The following three characteristic auroral activities were…1 January, 2002 by Michael Pinnock
[1] We have analyzed in detail the auroral bulge evolution during the expansion phase of an isolated substorm, which was observed by the UV imager aboard the Akebono satellite. It…1 January, 2002 by Robert Mulvaney
Detailed chemical analysis of the 122 m, relatively high-altitude and lowmelt Lomonosovfonna ice core provides the best-dated record of nitrate from Svalbard. A very significant non-linear trend present in the…Read more on A 800 year record of nitrate from the Lomonosovfonna ice core, Svalbard
1 January, 2002
Bransfield Strait is a Quaternary, ensialic back arc basin at the transition from rifting to spreading. Fresh volcanic rocks occur on numerous submarine features distributed along the rift axis, including…1 January, 2002
A re-compilation of magnetic data in the Weddell Sea is presented and compared with the gravity field recently derived from retracked satellite altimetry. The previously informally named 'Anomaly-T,' an cast-west…Read more on Seafloor spreading in the Weddell Sea from magnetic and gravity data
1 January, 2002 by Mai Mai Lam
Egorova et al. (2000) conclude that Forbush decreases (FDs) in galactic cosmic rays have a significant effect on the atmosphere at Antarctic station Vostok (78.5°S, 106.9°E) via the mechanism of…Read more on The effect of Forbush decreases on tropospheric parameters over South Pole
1 January, 2002 by Robert Larter
We present new Late Cretaceous tectonic reconstructions of the Pacific margin of Antarctica based on constraints from marine magnetic data and regional free-air gravity fields. Results from interpretation of new…1 January, 2002
Strontium isotope ratios from multiple plates of two barnacle fragments from Site 1103 (Ocean Drilling Program Leg 178) provide maximum age estimates for the oldest glacial sedimentary package drilled. Three…1 January, 2002
Five brackish to hypersaline lakes (Highway, Ace, Pendent, Williams and Rookery) in the Vestfold Hills, eastern Antarctica were investigated during the austral summer of 1999/2000. The aims were to characterise…Read more on The biology and evolution of Antarctic saline lakes in relation to salinity and trophy
1 January, 2002
The abundance and biomass of different categories of autotrophic and heterotrophic nanoflagellates were determined in surface waters along a transect crossing the Polar Front to the north-west of South Georgia…1 January, 2002 by Philip Leat, Teal Riley
Primitive magmas representing mantle partial melts minimally affected by fractionation and assimilation are rare in the magmatic arc environment. Most examples are either associated with high rates of arc-parallel extension,…1 January, 2002 by Katrin Linse
[Please note that the PDF file available is is a copy of the original PhD thesis, submitted to the University of Hamburg in 2000. It contains the same content as…1 January, 2002 by Katrin Linse
Diaphana haini n.sp. is described from Antarctica. With a depth range from about 400 to 2100 m, D. haini is the second Antarctic species of this genus to extend into…1 January, 2002 by Eric Wolff, Robert Mulvaney
In the past, ionic analyses of deep ice cores tended to consist of a few widely spaced measurements that indicated general trends in concentration. The ion-chromatographic methods widely used provide…1 January, 2002
Lamproite dykes that cross-cut Middle Jurassic Karoo-related flood basalts in Vestfjella, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, have been dated at 158.7 ± 1.6 Ma by 40Ar/39Ar incremental heating of phlogopite. Compared…1 January, 2002 by Philip Trathan
Adelie (Pygoscelis adeliae) and chinstrap penguins (P. antarctica) are morphologically and ecologically very similar, have very similar diet and breed sympatrically in the Scotia Arc from the South Sandwich Islands…1 January, 2002 by Keith Makinson
One of the warmest water masses beneath Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf (FRIS) is dense, high salinity shelf water (HSSW) that flows into the sub-ice-shelf cavity from the ice front and occupies…1 January, 2002
Observations from 2 optical ground stations and 3 MF radars at high and mid-latitudes have been combined to describe "springtime transitions" in atomic oxygen and the mesopause wind fields and…1 January, 2002
Three new taxa of the oribatid mite genus Fortuynia van der Hammen, 1960 (Ameronothroidea) were collected from the rocky shores and mangroves of southeastern Africa. These taxa, F. inhambanensis sp.…1 January, 2002 by Gareth Marshall
Changes in circulation at 500 and 850 hPa and horizontal thermal advection between these two levels are examined at Bellingshausen station in the northern Antarctic Peninsula between 1969 and 2000.…1 January, 2002 by Gareth Marshall
A comparison of 40-yr (1960-99) trends in Antarctic geopotential height and temperature from quality controlled radiosonde observations and NCEP-NCAR reanalysis (NNR) data is undertaken. Observations from four Antarctic stations-having sufficiently…1 January, 2002 by Gareth Marshall, Thomas Lachlan-Cope
The surface warming at Faraday station in the western Antarctic Peninsula is one of the largest observed anywhere over the last 50 years, yet the physical mechanisms driving this climate…1 January, 2002 by Richard Horne
[1] We present plasma wave and particle data from the CRRES satellite during three case studies to investigate the viability of a local stochastic electron acceleration mechanism to relativistic energies…1 January, 2002 by Richard Horne
We use plasma wave and electron data from the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES) to investigate the viability of a local stochastic electron acceleration mechanism to relativistic energies…1 January, 2002
Physiological condition and feeding behavior of furcilia larvae were investigated in autumn (April 1999) in the southwestern Lazarev Sea prior to the critical overwintering period. Furcilia stage III (FIII) larvae…1 January, 2002
Antarctic krill maintain large population sizes despite dramatic seasonal fluctuations in food availability, but the mechanisms for this are still debated. The aim of this study was to compare seasonal…1 January, 2002
A revised pre-Jurassic chronology is presented for the Antarctic Peninsula on the basis of new U-Pb zircon dating, using both conventional (11 samples) and SHRIMP microprobe data (10 samples). The…1 January, 2002 by Eric Wolff
Radio echo surveys to determine the thickness of ice sheets often record reflections from inside the ice. To increase our understanding of these internal reflections, we have used synthetic seismogram…Read more on Modeling the radio echo reflections inside the ice sheet at Summit, Greenland
1 January, 2002
A recent major climatic event was the occurrence of approximately 350 000 square kilometers of open water in the normally ice covered Weddell Sea near Antarctica during the winters of…Read more on A reconstruction of the air-sea interaction associated with the Weddell Polynya
1 January, 2002
With the completion of the NCEP-NCAR and ECMWF reanalyses there are now global representations of air-sea surface heat fluxes with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to be useful in characterizing…1 January, 2002 by Mark Belchier, Simon Morley
A large sample of otoliths from bigeye grenadier (Macrourus holotrachys) caught as by-catch in the Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) fishery in Subarea 48.3 was measured and weighed, and the usefulness…1 January, 2002 by Andrew Tait, Robert Mulvaney, Steven Bremner
Taking as a model the Alfred Wegener Institute medium depth ice core drill, we have developed a drill capable of retrieving ice cores to depths of around 150-200m. At a…1 January, 2002 by Robert Mulvaney
Two medium-depth ice cores were retrieved from Berkner Island by a joint project between the Alfred-Wegener-Institut and the British Antarctic Survey in the 1994/95 field season. A151mdeep core from the…Read more on 1000 year ice-core records from Berkner Island, Antarctica
1 January, 2002 by Michael Pinnock
The present study reveals the ionospheric signature of low level near-Earth flow burst activity in the central plasma sheet during a relatively quiet magnetosphere. Flow bursts were observed by Geotail…1 January, 2002
Analysis of a single traveling convection vortex (TCV) event that combines magnetometer, auroral imager, and riometer observations from conjugate hemispheres provides a complete view of the field-aligned current (FAC) system…1 January, 2002 by Dominic Hodgson, Helen Peat, Kevin Newsham
We report a study which measured changes to the radiative environment arising from stratospheric O3 depletion at Rothera Point on the western Antarctic Peninsula (67°S, 68°W) and subsequent associations between…Read more on Response of two Antarctic bryophytes to stratospheric ozone depletion
1 January, 2002
Three species of biennial breeding southern hemisphere albatrosses-Diomedea sanfordi from the Chatham Islands, D. antipodensis from Antipodes Island and D. exulans from South Georgia-were tracked using CLS-Argos satellite system during…1 January, 2002
The Cretaceous Fossil Bluff Group on Alexander Island, on the west side of the Antarctic Peninsula, contains a remarkably complete record of the evolution of a forearc basin. The latest…1 January, 2002 by Michael Pinnock
[1] One example of the response of ionospheric convection and the polar cap boundary to a sudden change in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation has been studied by using…Read more on A study of the dusk convection cell’s response to an IMF southward turning
1 January, 2002 by Rodney Strachan
The oxygen and hydrogen isotope composition of waters in a small valley at Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, were monitored over three summers (1999 to 2001). These stable isotopes track…1 January, 2002
Early stages of toothfish are reported from cruises between 1978 and 2001. South Georgia was regularly sampled, Shag Rocks was briefly sampled in three summers, and Burdwood Bank was sampled…1 January, 2002
Forty-one species of moss are reported from the subantaretic island of South Georgia. Twenty-two of these are recorded for the first time from the island, namely Andreaea obovata Thed. (first…Read more on New and rare moss species from subantarctic South Georgia
1 January, 2002
We investigated annual adult survival rates of king penguins Aptenodytes patagonicus breeding at South Georgia during 6 years in relation to age/breeding experience, sex, and food availability. During the first…1 January, 2002 by Alistair Crame
Curves of taxonomic diversity through geological time consistently show major evolutionary radiations during the Ordovician Period and from the mid-Mesozoic to the present day. Both intervals were characterized by marked…Read more on Palaeobiogeography and the Ordovician and Mesozoic-Cenozoic biotic radiations
1 January, 2002 by Katrin Linse
The previously unclear taxonomic status of the high-Antarctic bivalve Limatula ovalis Thiele, 1912 and the sub-Antarctic L. pygmaea (Philippi, 1845) was investigated using molecular techniques (18S rDNA, 16S rDNA, ITS-1).…1 January, 2002
During the PSMOS Global-scale tidal variability experiment campaign of June 1-August 31, 1999, a network of radars made measurements of winds, waves and tides in the mesosphere/lower-thermosphere region over a…1 January, 2002
Observations of mean winds and semidiurnal and diurnal tides in the mesosphere/lower-thermosphere (MLT) region were made during the 3-month Planetary-Scale Mesopause Observing System Summer 1999 campaign. Data from 22 ground-based…1 January, 2002 by David Pearce
Spatial and temporal changes in the microbial community structure in a maritime Antarctic freshwater lake were investigated over a single day/night cycle in December 1999. The community structure of key…Read more on Short-term stability of the microbial community structure in a maritime Antarctic lake
1 January, 2002 by Lloyd Peck
Oxygen consumption of individual larvae of the Antarctic sea-star Odontaster validus was measured during the 50-day period following fertilisation. Values ranged from 0.76 pmol O-2 h(-1) for one specimen at…1 January, 2002 by Lloyd Peck
The ecophysiology of Antarctic marine ectotherms is an area of active research. This review of recent progress covers metabolism, mitochondrial function, aerobic scope, growth and development. Energetics is shown to…Read more on Ecophysiology of antarctic marine ectotherms: limits to life
1 January, 2002 by Lloyd Peck
Oxygen consumption ((M) over dot o(2)), heartbeat rate and form, and circulating hemolymph oxygen content were measured in relation to temperature in the large Antarctic infaunal bivalve Laternula elliptica. After…1 January, 2002
A total of 183 scientific publications and theses on Antarctic and sub-Antarctic birds for 2000 is listed by author. This annual list is produced on behalf of the Group of…Read more on Publications and theses on Antarctic and sub-Antarctic birds, 2000
1 January, 2002 by Richard Phillips
Cooperative breeding is unusual in seabirds, but recorded in varying proportions in Brown Skuas (Stercorarius [= Catharacta] lonnbergi). With no evidence for kin selection or delayed dispersal, nor for any…Read more on Trios of brown skuas at Bird Island, South Georgia: incidence and composition
1 January, 2002 by Richard Phillips
Numerous explanations exist for the evolution of reversed size dimorphism in raptorial species. A recent study concluded that reversed size dimorphism in skuas and jaegers was probably not attributable to…1 January, 2002 by Gareth Chisham, Michael Pinnock
Global convection mapping using line-of-sight Doppler velocity data from the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) is now an accepted method of imaging high-latitude ionospheric convection. This mapping process requires…1 January, 2002 by Eric Wolff
V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Co, Ag, Cd, Ba, Pb, Bi and U have been measured in a series of dated snow samples, covering the period from 1834 to 1990,…1 January, 2002 by Eric Wolff
Short-term variations in heavy metals concentrations in Antarctic snow have been investigated by analysing 13 metals (Al, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, Ba, Pb, Bi and U)…1 January, 2002
Sites 1095, 1096, and 1101 were drilled on the continental rise west of the Antarctic Peninsula (Fig. F1) to recover a continuous high-resolution record of Antarctic glaciation. Site 1095 is…1 January, 2002
Site 1095 is the most distal of three continental rise sites drilled during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 178. A long (600 m), near-continuous section extends from the Holocene down to…1 January, 2002
Fine-grained contourites and hemipelagites occur in the northern Weddell Sea, deposited from the Weddell Gyre. Where bottom currents are intensified over the slope, sandy and silty contourites have been deposited…1 January, 2002
Protoperidiniacean dinoflagellate cysts were identified in 19 of 28 samples from two sites on the Antarctic Peninsula continental rise. Cysts are most common in the lower Pliocene and upper Miocene…1 January, 2002
Sediment supply to the Scotia Sea is controlled by the east-flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) with some Weddell Gyre influence in the south. Near-bottom flow is unsteady with frequent changes…1 January, 2002
On the continental rise west of the Antarctic Peninsula, large sediment drifts preserve a hihg-resolution record of Neogene glaciation, We present a new map of acoustic facies on the continental…Read more on Processes on sediment drifts from 3.5 kHz data, Antarctic Peninsula continental rise
1 January, 2002
A total of 101 verified species and eight ordinal taxa represent the non-marine Crustacea on Antarctica and the islands of the Southern Ocean. The largely terrestrial Isopoda and Amphipoda are…1 January, 2002 by Eric Wolff
The composition of air near ground level is not necessarily representative of the troposphere as a whole. In particular in the Antarctic, stratification from the strong inversions often present and…Read more on Aerosol profiling using a tethered balloon in coastal Antarctica
1 January, 2002
Cordieritites and highly peraluminous granites within the El Pilón granite complex, Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina, were emplaced during a medium-P, high-T metamorphic event during the initial decompression of a Cambrian orogen…1 January, 2002
Twelve sedimentary mounds are identified on the upper continental rise of the Pacific Margin of the Antarctic Peninsula. All these mounds are produced by a varying degree of interaction of…Read more on Sediment drifts and deep-sea channel systems, Antarctic Peninsula Pacific Margin
1 January, 2002 by Eugene Murphy
Understanding the demographics of Antarctic krill over large scales may be complicated by regional differences in the processes that govern population structure. The influence of regional differences in growth and…1 January, 2002
The growth rates of Antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella) pups estimated from weighing cross-sections of the population were compared with measured/ inferred changes in the availability of their main prey…Read more on Growth rates of Antarctic fur seals as indices of environmental conditions
1 January, 2002
The surface climatology of Coats Land, Antarctica, is described through observations from automatic weather stations, from Halley station, from upper air soundings and from satellite remote sensing. Coats Land consists…Read more on The surface climatology of an ordinary katabatic wind regime in Coats Land, Antarctica
1 January, 2002
Comparisons are made between a time series of meteorological surface layer observational data taken on board the R/V Knorr, and model analysis data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather…1 January, 2002 by Alistair Crame
The GustavGroup of the James Ross Basin, Antarctic Peninsula, forms part of a major Southern Hemisphere Cretaceous reference section. Palynological data, chiefly from dinoflagellate cysts, integrated with macrofaunal evidence and…1 January, 2002 by David Vaughan
Recent satellite investigations revealed that in the 1990s the grounding line of Pine Island and Thwaites Glaciers, West Antarctica, retreated several km, the ice surface on the interior of the…Read more on Acceleration of Pine Island and Thwaites Glaciers, West Antarctica
1 January, 2002
We have investigated the fracture of Antarctic shelf ice core using two fracture mechanics test methods: the chevron-notched short-rod specimen loaded in tension and the chevron-notched round-bar specimen loaded in…1 January, 2002 by Mark Clilverd
We examine the electron density profile expected in the lower ionosphere due to a 0.2-s whistler-induced electron precipitation (WEP) burst with experimentally determined properties. The ionization rate in the lower…Read more on D region reflection height modification by whistler-induced electron precipitation
1 January, 2002
Lichens from the genus Umbilicaria were collected across a 5,000-km transect through Antarctica and investigated for DNA sequence polymorphism in a region of 480–660 bp of the nuclear internal transcribed…1 January, 2002 by Howard Roscoe
Measurements of trace gases by remote sensors which observe the atmospheric limb have a natural verticalresolution of 2–. With a typical field of view this becomes 3–. Oversampling, combined with…1 January, 2002 by Eric Wolff, Robert Mulvaney
A compilation of nitrate (NO(3)(-)) data from Greenland has shown that recent NO(3)(-) concentrations reveal a temperature dependence similar to that seen in Antarctica. Except for sites with very low…1 January, 2002
Cyanobacteria blooms are common in the Baltic Sea and are considered to be a poor food source and sometimes toxic to zooplankton. Most experiments demonstrating harmful effects have been short-term…1 January, 2002
Airglow emission observations by the wind imaging interferometer (WINDII) on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite and three optical ground-based stations previously revealed a “springtimetransition” in atomic oxygen. The transition is…Read more on Springtime transition in upper mesospheric temperature in the northern hemisphere
1 January, 2002 by Peter Ward
Measurements of egg production rates (EPR) and growth of the early stages of 2 of the Southern Ocean biomass dominant copepods, Calanoides acutus and Rhincalanus gigas, were made over the…1 January, 2002
A short-lived eruption of basaltic andesite to andesite on Deception Island in 1969 occurred from a series of fissures underneath a glacier. The glacier was thin (c. 100 m) and…