Found 14049 items
1 January, 1997 by Howard Roscoe
An intercomparison of zenith-sky UV-visible spectrometers was held at Camborne, UK, for 2 weeks in September 1994. Eleven instruments participated, from nine different European institutes which were involved with the…Read more on An intercomparison of ground-based UV-visible sensors of ozone and NO2
1 January, 1997
Two congeneric albatrosses, Black-browed Diomedea melanophris and Grey-headed Albatrosses D. chrysostoma that nest at South Georgia have diets that differ mainly with respect to the amount of Antarctic Krill Euphausia…1 January, 1997
The Antarctic marine environment has relatively few direct sources of man-made marine debris; however, there is concern over the dangers posed to wildlife by increasing amounts of such debris. Between…Read more on Marine debris surveys at Bird Island, South Georgia 1990–1995
1 January, 1997 by Richard Horne
The wide variety of geophysical plasmas that will be investigated by the Cluster mission contain waves with a frequency range from DC to over 100 kHz with both magnetic and…Read more on The Digital Wave-Processing Experiment on Cluster
1 January, 1997
Two limpet species occur intertidally on subantarctic South Georgia, the patellid Nacella concinna and the siphonarlid Kerguelenella lateralis. N. concinna is confined to the lower shore close to LWS; K.…1 January, 1997
Belemnites are nektopelagic cephalopods which developed a widespread pattern of distribution in the Jurassic, and most authors have accepted that their centre of origin was Europe. Available data suggest that…1 January, 1997
Two new palynomorph taxa are described, and several existing taxa are discussed from the Upper Jurassic‐Lower Cretaceous Byers Group of Livingston and Snow islands, South Shetland Islands, Antarctic Peninsula. Oligosphaeridium…1 January, 1997 by William Block
Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), as well as total glutathione (tGSH) concentration were analyzed in the hemolymph and fat body…1 January, 1997 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Small scale field and laboratory observations of sub-glacial sediment deformation suggest that failure is the predominant method of sediment deformation, while large scale modelling studies using a viscous model of…Read more on Deforming beds: Viscous and plastic scales of deformation
1 January, 1997 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Linearizations about two horizontal-dimensional ice sheets are proposed as methods of generating normal mode initializations for ice-sheet models and for computing the short-term response. Linearized models can be generated directly…Read more on Use of ice-sheet normal modes for initialization and modelling small changes
1 January, 1997
Fatty acid signature analysis is based on the principle that unique arrays of fatty acids within groups of organisms can be transferred, largely unaltered, up the marine food chain and…1 January, 1997 by Adrian Jenkins, David Vaughan
Satellite imagery indicates that the floating terminus of Pine Island Glacier has changed little in extent over the past two decades. Data on the velocity and thickness of the glacier…1 January, 1997 by John King
Surface radiation measurements and other climatological data were used to validate the representation of the surface energy balance over the East Antarctic Ice Sheet in the U.K. Meteorological Office Unified…1 January, 1997 by John Turner, Thomas Lachlan-Cope
Many algorithms have been developed to retrieve precipitation and cloud liquid water from passive microwave measurement at mid-latitudes and in the tropics, but these algorithms do not necessarily work well…Read more on Passive microwave retrievals of precipitation over the Southern Ocean
1 January, 1997 by Robert Larter
The Antarctic Peninsula has a dissected central plateau at 1500–2000 m elevation, at present overlain by a few hundred metres of ice which drains into transverse glaciers. On the west…Read more on The Antarctic Peninsula Continental Margin Northwest of Anvers Island
1 January, 1997
Chemical alteration of rock in the Antarctic is considered to be less dominant than physical weathering processes. The research presented in this discussion represents investigations to determine the extent of…1 January, 1997
After weaning, southern elephant seal pups (Mirounga leonina) fast for 3 – 8 weeks, for largely unknown reasons. During the postweaning fast we observed daytime behaviour and movements of pups…1 January, 1997 by Eugene Murphy, Philip Trathan
Analyses of the distribution of krill fishing based on fine-scale (0.5o latitude x 1o longitude) data show that harvesting in the Scotia Sea has been mainly in shelf and shelf-break…1 January, 1997
From 1991 to 1996 we investigated how the breeding cycle of King Penguins Aptenodytes patagonicus, in a small colony at South Georgia, was affected by variation in food availability between…Read more on Changes in king penguin breeding cycle in response to food availability
1 January, 1997
The 1.5 Ma evolution of the Late Pliocene (5.7 to 4.2 Ma) Mt Sidley volcano, Marie Byrd Land, is examined using major and trace elements, Sr, Nd, O and Pb…1 January, 1997
The diet of the Antarctic Prion Pachyptila desolata was examined using food samples regurgitated by adult birds during five breeding seasons at Bird Island, South Georgia. In all years the…1 January, 1997 by Paul Rodhouse
In anticipation of the development of a new fishery for the ommastrephid squid Martialia hyadesi in the Scotia Sea, this paper presents a revision of annual consumption of the species…1 January, 1997 by Andrew Tait, Howard Roscoe
A novel automated ground-based star-pointing spectrometer system has been constructed for long-term deployment in Antarctica. Similar to our earlier stellar system, a two-dimensional detector array measures the spectra of the…1 January, 1997
The collision of India and Asia can be defined as a process that started with the closing of the Tethyan ocean that, during Mesozoic and early Tertiary times, separated the…1 January, 1997
Sediment drifts are a major depositional product of bottom-current activity in deep-water settings, particularly on slopes and basin plains within, and adjacent to, continental margins. They commonly form positive features…Read more on Glacially-influenced sediment drifts in the Rockall Trough
1 January, 1997
Despite over thirty years of plate tectonic theory, the reasons why supercontinents like Gondwana disintegrate into smaller continents and disperse remain enigmatic. Current ideas mostly involve changes in plate-boundary driving…Read more on An active mantle mechanism for Gondwana breakup
1 January, 1997
We studied energy-provisioning rates and energy requirements of nestlings, as well as energy-expenditure rates of adults in Antarctic prions (Pachyptila desolata) on sub-Antarctic Bird Island, South Georgia. Special emphasis was…Read more on Stomach oil and reproductive energetics in Antarctic prions,Pachyptila desolata
1 January, 1997 by Lloyd Peck
A low-temperature marineaquarium has been maintained at the British Antarctic Survey(BAS) headquarters in Cambridge for over 15 years. In 1988 acompletely new aquarium system was designed and construct ed toprovide…Read more on The coldwater marine aquarium at the British Antarctic Survey
1 January, 1997
Early Cretaceous gabbro, quartz-diorite-granodiorite, and tonalite-granodiorite plutons of the Wiley Glacier complex, in the Antarctic Peninsula magmatic arc, were emplaced in a zone of syn-magmatic extensional shearing. The oldest component…1 January, 1997 by William Block
Differential scanning calorimetry was used to characterize thermal events associated with freezing and melting of suspensions and extracts of Panagrolaimus davidi, an Antarctic nematode which can survive intracellular freezing. Nematode…1 January, 1997
The third review of the status and trends of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seabird populations compiled by the Bird Biology Subcommittee of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research at the request…Read more on The status and trends of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seabirds
1 January, 1997 by Roger Worland
The New Zealand alpine cockroach Celatoblatta quinquemaculata (Dictyoptera: Blattidae) survives temperatures up to 5°c below its supercooling point (scp) of -5.4°C in summer-acclimated samples. This high Scp suggests that C.…1 January, 1997
Notothenioid fish of 3 species - 23 immature Notothenia coriiceps, 4 Gobionotothen gibberifrons and 11 Chaenocephalus aceratus, from the coastal zone at the South Orkney Islands were examined to determine…Read more on Digenean, monogenean and cestode infection of inshore fish at the South Orkney Islands
1 December, 1996 by Peter Ward
A shelf site near the island of South Georgia was sampled during a spring bloom in January 1994. Chlorophyll a (chl a) values declined from 19 to 6 mg m-3…Read more on Zooplankton response to a phytoplankton bloom near South Georgia, Antarctica
1 December, 1996 by Jonathan Watkins
In a 14-d period 38 swarms of Antarctic krill,Euphausia superba Dana, were sampled in an area 55.5 x 55.5 km to the southwest of Elephant Island, at the north of…1 December, 1996
In the interior of the Antarctic ice sheet the surface temperature inversion averages over 25°C in the winter months. The negative buoyancy of the near-surface air drives the katabatic windflow,…1 December, 1996
Cape Dubouzet is mainly composed of a volcanic-subvolcanic complex of extrusive rhyolitic breccias, a banded rhyolite and a semi-annular body of dacite porphyry rich in xenoliths of metamorphic rocks. Major…1 December, 1996
During the conjunctive SUNDIAL/ATLAS 1/GEM campaign period of March 28–29, 1992, a set of comprehensive data has been collected both from space and from ground. The assimilative mapping of ionospheric…1 December, 1996
Imported anthropogenic bacteria may survive the Antarctic winter and introduce new genes into local bacterial communitiesRead more on Salmonella enteritidis in Antarctica: zoonosis in man or humanosis in penguins?
1 December, 1996 by Eugene Murphy
The dense phytoplankton blooms observed in earlier studies in the Southern Ocean Marginal Ice Zone (MIZ) may not be representative of all regions, so that some previous assessments of the…1 November, 1996
South Georgia, an extremely isolated island within the Antarctic Convergence, was covered by an extensive icecap until ~10,000 years ago. In consequence the depauperate intertidal fauna is of recent origin…1 November, 1996
Freshwater lakes occur through much of Antarctica and are characterized by short food chains dominated by microbes. Comparatively few studies have been made of continental freshwater lakes until recently, with…Read more on Microbial diversity and function in Antarctic freshwater ecosystems
1 November, 1996
It has been known for some time that yolk deposition and final ovarian maturation were prolonged processes for many Antarctic fish. The adolescent phase in three species of channichthyid has…1 November, 1996
Zooplankton grazing impact on algae, heterotrophic flagellates and bacteria, as well as invertebrate predation on herbivorous zooplankton, were investigated in two sub-Antarctic lakes with extremely simple food chains. The two…Read more on Quantification of invertebrate predation and herbivory in food chains of low complexity
1 November, 1996
An aerobiological monitoring programme was carried out for over a year on Signy Island, South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. Collections were made using arrays of rotorod samplers at three sites. Lichen…Read more on Aerial dispersal of lichen soredia in the maritime Antarctic
1 November, 1996 by Eugene Murphy, Raymond Leakey
The Southern Ocean provides a habitat for microplankton which is strongly influenced by physical factors. Of these, one of the most important and striking is the formation of sea ice.…1 November, 1996 by Mervyn Freeman
Clouds of energetic electrons, injected sporadically into the nightside magnetosphere during substorm expansion phase onsets, can generate VLF whistler mode noise through the gyroresonance instability, which may then be observed…Read more on Post midnight VLF chorus events, a substorm signature observed at the ground nearL= 4
1 November, 1996
Heterotrophic protozoa have a global distribution in terrestrial habitats. The functional groups significantly represented are zooflagellates, cillates, gymnamoebae and testate amoebae. Their range extends into the Antarctic zone, but the…1 November, 1996
In this study we consider the phase relationships between the oscillations of various ionospheric signatures associated with Pcl geomagnetic pulsations. Investigations using a simple analytical method and a numerical model,…Read more on The phase relationships of the ionospheric signatures of Pc1 geomagnetic pulsations
1 November, 1996
Microorganisms are fundamental to the functioning of Antarctic ecosystems. Although microbial biomass can be immense in Southern Ocean blooms and freshwater cyanobacterial mats, species richness is generally more restricted than…Read more on Antarctic microbial diversity: the basis of polar ecosystem processes