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Quasi-linear diffusion theory is widely used in radiation belt modeling to describe resonant interactions between charged particles and electromagnetic waves. The diffusion rates depend on the wave spectrum and properties […]
Robust optimization over time (ROOT) is the combination of robust optimization and dynamic optimization. In ROOT, frequent changes to deployed solutions are undesirable, which can be due to the high […]
Population clustering methods, which consider the position and fitness of individuals to form sub-populations in multi-population algorithms, have shown high efficiency in tracking the moving global optimum in dynamic optimization […]
Many of the major climate themes over Antarctica and the surrounding Southern Ocean in 2022 were a continuation of those seen during 2021. Most notable was the persistence of a […]
Substantial research exists on predation and its ecology. Most research has focused on durophagous fishes, brachyuran crabs, and lobsters. Data are lacking, however, on soft-bodied predators like anemones, and their […]
Atmospheric methane (CH4) concentrations have more than doubled since the beginning of the industrial age, making CH4 the second most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO2). The oil […]
Monitored seabird populations have declined by up to 70% worldwide since the 1950s. Yet, data on long-term seabird population dynamics prior to the anthropogenic era are largely unknown. This limits […]
We present a high-resolution dataset of over one million icequakes located just upglacier of the grounding line of Rutford Ice Stream, West Antarctica, spanning a 23-day period during January 2019. […]
Mediterranean ecosystems, one of the most significant global hotspots of biodiversity, are threatened by invasive weeds. Although endomicrobiomes – the vast array of microbes colonising living plant tissues – are […]
The Atlantic walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) is an Arctic endemic species that is under increasing threat due to declines in their sea ice habitats. Walruses rely directly (e.g., resting, giving […]
Authigenic precipitation of clay minerals in marine sediments, termed reverse weathering, is an important process in global biogeochemical cycles due to its role in regulating alkalinity and nutrient budgets. Dissolved […]