Archives: Publications
Potential interactions between wandering albatrosses and longline fisheries for Patagonian toothfish at South Georgia
1 January, 1996
We examine the extent of overlap between South Georgia wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) and local longline fishing for Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides), using satellite-tracking data and precise haul locations, respectively.…A review of geological constraints on the pre-break-up position of the Ellsworth Mountains within Gondwana: implications for Weddell Sea evolution
1 January, 1996 by Ed King
It has long since been recognised that the Ellsworth-Whitmore mountains (EWM) crustal block possesses an anomalous structural and stratigraphic history relative to its neighbouring West Antarctic crustal blocks, and the…The influence of water content on the light climate within Antarctic mosses characterized using an optical microprobe
1 January, 1996
The light climate within wet and dry samples of ten mosses from the maritime Antarctic was determined using a computer-controlled optical microprobe system. Irradiances decreased with increasing depth within the…Seasonal variation in respiratory and photosynthetic parameters in three mosses from the maritime Antarctic
1 January, 1996
Carbon fixation under controlled conditions was measured in three mosses from the maritime Antarctic using an infra-red gas analysis system. Gas exchange parameters were determined during each season in 1993…The Antarctic ozone hole – 1994
1 January, 1996 by Jonathan Shanklin
In this paper we briefly describe the processes which lead to the formation of the Antarctic ozone hole, the attributes of the 1994 hole in comparison with previous years and…Some thoughts on precautionary measures for the krill fishery
1 January, 1996
The concept of precautionary measures for krill is discussed. A precautionary catch limit, based on the potential yield model developed by the CCAMLR Scientific Committee's Working Group on Krill (WG-Krill)…Read more on Some thoughts on precautionary measures for the krill fishery
Environment-krill relations in the South Georgia marine ecosystem
1 January, 1996 by Eugene Murphy
Interannual variability in the Southern Ocean ecosystem has long been noted and physical factors appear to dominate the dynamics. There are, however, few ecological time series available to assess this…Read more on Environment-krill relations in the South Georgia marine ecosystem
The distribution and classification of the problematic Fragilaria (Virescens v.) exigua Grun.Fragilaria exiguiformis (Grun.) Lange-Bertalot: a new species or a new genus?
1 January, 1996
The nomenclature of the taxon first recorded as Fragilaria (virescens) v. exigua by Grunow in Cleve & Moeller (1878) is examined with regard to the current botanical name, F. exiguiformis…Edad y origen de la fluorite del yacimiento La Nueva (Cabalango, Cordoba, Argentina) en base a geoquimica de isotopos radiogenicos (Nd y Sm)
1 January, 1996
The fluorite mineralization from the La Nueva Mine, has a Sm-Nd age of 130 ± 19 Ma, and thus must be related to the Lower Cretaceous late-Gondwanic extensional and magmatic…Sliding of till over bedrock: scratching, polishing, comminution and kinematic-wave theory
1 January, 1996 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
The observed ratio of removal of material by (i) scratches gouged by large clasts and (ii) polishing by debris suggests that the latter is the dominant form of bedrock erosion.…Stability of ice rises and uncoupled marine ice sheets
1 January, 1996 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
An analysis of the linear stability of marine ice sheets uncoupled from associated ice shelves is presented. The principal feature is a zero eigenvalue associated with infinitesimal shifts along the…Read more on Stability of ice rises and uncoupled marine ice sheets
Stochastic perturbation of divide position
1 January, 1996 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Perturbation of divide position is considered by a linearization about the Vialov-Nye solution and also about related solutions with 0(1) relief. Relaxation times of one-sixteenth the fundamental thickness/accumulation-rate time-scale are…Time-step limits for stable solutions of the ice-sheet equation
1 January, 1996 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Various spatial discretizations for the ice sheet are compared for accuracy against analytical solutions in one and two dimensions. The computational efficiency of various iterated and non-iterated marching schemes is…Read more on Time-step limits for stable solutions of the ice-sheet equation
Temperature and the biomass of flying midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) in the high Arctic
1 January, 1996 by Roger Worland, William Block
We tested the hypothesis that habitat temperature is the driving variable determining both the short-term and seasonal patterns of abundance (biomass) of Eying adult non-biting midges (Chironomidae) in the high…Read more on Temperature and the biomass of flying midges (Diptera: Chironomidae) in the high Arctic
Aeromagnetic data from the southern Weddell Sea embayment and adjacent areas: synthesis and interpretation
1 January, 1996 by Ed King
A new regional aeromagnetic anomaly map covering the southern Weddell Sea and surrounding areas was produced by combining Russian and British magnetic anomaly data acquired between 1973 and 1989. The…Arc evolution: a magnetic perspective from the Antarctic Peninsula
1 January, 1996
The Antarctic Peninsula is a Mesozoic–Cenozoic magmatic arc built on Palaeozoic and younger basement. It was formed by processes related to the subduction of Pacific ocean floor at its western…Read more on Arc evolution: a magnetic perspective from the Antarctic Peninsula
The diversity, distribution and ecology of diatoms from Antarctic inland waters
1 January, 1996
Diatoms are abundant and diverse in many Antarctic freshwaters, with a general trend of decreasing diversity moving southwards. They form an important component of many benthic algal communities in streams…Read more on The diversity, distribution and ecology of diatoms from Antarctic inland waters
New seismic data from the Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica
1 January, 1996 by Ed King
We present the first images of sub-seabed structure to be obtained from beneath the Ronne Ice Shelf. Single-fold profiles totalling 158 km were recorded using a new form drag cable…Read more on New seismic data from the Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica
Weddell Sea tectonics and Gondwana break-up: an introduction
1 January, 1996 by Ed King
The Weddell Sea, part of the circumpolar Southern Ocean, is probably the most remote, least known and least accessible sea in the world. Difficult ice conditions have limited the acquisition…Read more on Weddell Sea tectonics and Gondwana break-up: an introduction
Mesozoic seafloor spreading in the southern Weddell Sea
1 January, 1996 by Ed King
A re-evaluation of Weddell Sea magnetic anomaly data, in the light of satellite gravity maps, provides important constraints on plate kinematics prior to chron C34 (83 Ma). Although M-series anomalies…Read more on Mesozoic seafloor spreading in the southern Weddell Sea
Geomorphological map of Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island
1 January, 1996
The bedrock geology of the peninsula is described briefly as Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous marine sedimentary, volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks, intruded by igneous bodies. The geomorphological map includes 63…Read more on Geomorphological map of Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island
Origin of the inland Acari of Continental Antarctica, with particular reference to Dronning Maud Land
1 January, 1996
The extant Acari occurring on the inland mountain ranges and nunataks of Continental Antarctica comprise only pre-Pleistocene endemic Prostigmata and Cryptostigmata of which the Prostigmata are the probable earlier colonists.…Comparison of geostatistical and random sample survey analyses of Antarctic krill acoustic data
1 January, 1996
Data from the acoustic surveys of MV SA “Agulhas” and FRV “Walther Herwig”, and the 1981 RRS “John Biscoe” South Georgia acoustic survey were analysed by geostatistical methods. Estimates of…Antipodal mosses: VI. Stegonia latifolia (Musci, Pottiaceae) in the Antarctic
1 January, 1996
Stegonia latifolia (Schwaegr. in Schult.) Vent. ex Broth. is recorded from the Antarctic on the basis of the specimens collected from Signy Island, South Orkney Island and King George Island,…Read more on Antipodal mosses: VI. Stegonia latifolia (Musci, Pottiaceae) in the Antarctic
A Permo-Carboniferous U-Pb age for part of the Guanta Unit of the Elqui-Limari Betholith at Rio del Transito, northern Chile
1 January, 1996
A U-Pb zircon age 0f 285.7+/-1.5 Ma is presented for granodiorite from the Chanchoquin pluton of the Guanta Unit, Elqui Superunit of the Elqui-Limari Batholith. This is the first U-Pb…Strontium labelling of the shell of the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna (Strebel, 1908)
1 January, 1996 by Lloyd Peck
Nacella concinna (Strebel, 1908) held in seawater enriched with Sr, partially replaced Ca in their shells with Sr The bands laid down were clearly visible In back-scattered, scanning electron microscope…Climate changes in the Atlantic sector of Antarctica over the past 500 years from ice-core and other evidence
1 January, 1996 by Robert Mulvaney
Evidence from ice cores, borehole temperatures, early expeditions and glacier margins is used to identify the major climate trends of the past 500 years in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Apparent…The structure and function of the tarsus I sensillar field in mites of the genusHalarachne(Halarachnidae: Gamasida)
1 January, 1996
The sensillar field on tarsus I of Halarachne (Halarachnidae: Gamasida), a respiratory tract endoparasite of seals (Pinnipedia) is associated with 12 hair- or peg-like receptor sensilla in the larva and…Geometry, motion and mass balance of Dyer Plateau, Antarctica
1 January, 1996 by Robert Mulvaney
Geodetic surveying and ground-based radar profiling were used to determine geometry and surface motion of the ice sheet on the Dyer Plateau, Antarctica, in the vicinity of an ice-core site…Read more on Geometry, motion and mass balance of Dyer Plateau, Antarctica
Diurnal and seasonal occurrence of polar patches
1 January, 1996
Analysis of the diurnal and seasonal variation of polar patches, as identified in two years of HF-radar data from Halley, Antarctica during a period near sunspot maximum, shows that there…Read more on Diurnal and seasonal occurrence of polar patches
Interpolation errors in UV–visible spectroscopy for stratospheric sensing: implications for sensitivity, spectral resolution, and spectral range
1 January, 1996 by Howard Roscoe
UV–visible measurements of stratospheric constituents require the ratio of a pair of spectra to be determined. If their wavelength calibrations differ and if an array detector is used, at least…A comparison of EISCAT and Dynasonde measurements of the auroral ionosphere
1 January, 1996
Incoherent-scatter radar and ionospheric sounding are powerful and complementary techniques in the study of the Earth's ionosphere. The work presented here involves the use of the Tromsø Dynasonde as a…Read more on A comparison of EISCAT and Dynasonde measurements of the auroral ionosphere
Age and correlation of volcanism in central Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands: K-Ar and geochemical constraints
1 January, 1996
Volcanic sequences in central Livingston Island can be divided into two broad groups. The older group consists of basalt-dacite lavas, clastic rocks and associated hypabyssal intrusions. The lavas are lithologically…Aspects of wave-particle interactions at mid-latitudes
1 January, 1996
Arguably the most significant source of particle precipitation into the ionosphere at mid-latitudes (L ∼2–3), at least for electrons in the tens to hundreds of keV energy range, is that…Read more on Aspects of wave-particle interactions at mid-latitudes
Introduced plants in Antarctica: Potential impacts and conservation issues
1 January, 1996
The development of and compliance with the code of conduct embodied in the Antarctic Treaty to prevent or minimize the introduction of plants into the Antarctic is outlined. A chronological…Read more on Introduced plants in Antarctica: Potential impacts and conservation issues
Ocean tides under the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica
1 January, 1996
A depth-averaged finite-difference numerical model has been used to make a preliminary study of the tides under the Filchner‐Ronne Ice Shelf. Open boundary conditions were specified using the global ocean…Read more on Ocean tides under the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica
Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of the Falkland Islands, South Atlantic and their zoogeographical relationships
1 January, 1996 by William Block
A total of 21 species of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) are recorded from heat-extracted samples of soil and plant material collected in the Falkland Is., South Atlantic. Previous records of…Microplates and mantle plumes in Antarctica
1 January, 1996
The main geological characteristics of five crustal blocks within West Antarctica are summarized in this review. At least some of these blocks existed as Mesozoic microplates and their original, palaeoposition…Early Paleozoic sedimentation, magmatism, and deformation in the Pensacola Mountains, Antarctica: The significance of the Ross orogeny
1 January, 1996
Combined sedimentological, structural, and geochemical studies of a lower Paleozoic succession within the Pensacola Mountains, Antarctica, suggest that it probably formed in a foreland basin setting during the Ross-Delamerian orogen,…Geodynamic evolution of the Antarctic Peninsula during Mesozoic times and its bearing on Weddell Sea history
1 January, 1996
This review of the tectonic evolution of the Antarctic Peninsula during Mesozoic times highlights four main events; (1) Late Triassic-Late Jurassic extension, (2) Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous dextral transpression, (3) Early…Early cretaceous magmatism during extensional deformation within the Antarctic Peninsula Magmatic Arc
1 January, 1996
Early Cretaceous plutonic rocks at Creswick Peaks in NW Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula show evidence of synmagmatic crustal extension and deformation during emplacement and cooling at 141 ±2 Ma. Deformation…Rhincalanus gigas and Calanus simillimus: lipid storage patterns of two species of copepod in the seasonally ice-free zone of the Southern Ocean
1 January, 1996 by Peter Ward
The lipid and hydrocarbon composition of two species of Antarctic copepod, Rhincalanus gigas and Calanus simillimus, was investigated at two contrasting sites. Differences in the quantity of total lipid between…A post-processing technique to remove background noise from echo integration data
1 January, 1996 by Jonathan Watkins
Echo integration of biological organisms with a low target strength can be difficult because of the problem of setting suitable pre-integration thresholds, and this is particularly acute with higher frequencies,…Read more on A post-processing technique to remove background noise from echo integration data
Seasonal variation in the effects of hard substratum biofilming on settlement of marine invertebrate larvae
1 January, 1996
The effect of season on “biofilming”;, as a cue for the settlement of marine invertebrate larvae, was investigated in a long‐term field study during the years 1992–1994. The series of…The Moores Peak Formation, a Cretaceous debris-avalanche deposit in the Antarctic Peninsula Volcanic Group, Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands
1 January, 1996
The Moores Peak Formation occurs on eastern Hurd Peninsula, Livingston Island, part of the South Shetland Island volcanic arc, which was active during Mesozoic and Cenozoic times. The rocks were…Location, movement and reactions of impurities in solid ice
1 January, 1996 by Eric Wolff
The aim of drilling ice cores is to obtain paleoatmospheric information of wide significance. However, the concentrations of chemicals found in the- ice are determined both by the atmospheric concentrations,…Read more on Location, movement and reactions of impurities in solid ice
The record of aerosol deposited species in ice cores, and problems of interpretation
1 January, 1996 by Eric Wolff
Ice cores have now become established as one of the primary archives of paleoclimatic information, covering timescales from seasonal up to 100,000 years or more. In the polar ice sheets,…Read more on The record of aerosol deposited species in ice cores, and problems of interpretation
The relationship between water content and cold tolerance in the arctic collembolan Onychiurus arcticus (Collembola: Onychiuridae)
1 January, 1996 by Roger Worland
The arctic collembolan Onychiurus arcticus is freezing intolerant and experiences temperatures below -25°C during winter periods of low air temperatures and only light snow cover. Summer-collected individuals have a mean…The high latitude convection response to an interval of substorm activity
1 January, 1996 by Michael Pinnock
On 17 March 1991, five clear substorm onsets/intensifications took place within a three hour interval. During this interval ground-based data from the EISCAT incoherent scatter radar, a digital CCD all…Read more on The high latitude convection response to an interval of substorm activity
An annual profile of growth in the otoliths of immature Notothenia coriiceps Richardson in relation to the environment at Signy Island, Antarctica
1 December, 1995
Scanning electron microscope and image analysis techniques were used to construct a profile of otolith growth from June 1987–June 1988 in immature Notothenia coriiceps. Growth was found to fluctuate seasonally…Seasonal abundance and size variation in Antarctic populations of the Cladoceran Daphniopsis studeri
1 December, 1995
Continental freshwater lakes of Antarctica are characterized by species-poor biota (Heywood 1977). The plankton is dominated by algae, bacteria and protozoa (Koob & Leister 1972, Parker et al. 1982, Laybourn-Parry…Using multiple data sources to enhance photogrammetry for mapping antarctic terrain
1 December, 1995 by Adrian Fox
Extensive aerial photography cover is available for parts of the British Antarctic Territory, but the fisoffinfillijl characteristics of the photography, combined with the sparsity of ground control information and rugged…Read more on Using multiple data sources to enhance photogrammetry for mapping antarctic terrain
A statistical study of the possible effects of solar wind variability on the recurrence rate of substorms
1 December, 1995 by Mervyn Freeman
The recurrence of substorms in the terrestrial magnetosphere depends on many factors. Chief among these are (1) the mechanism(s) by which the magnetosphere stores and rids itself of excess magnetic…The construction of a diatom-based chlorophyll a transfer function and its application at three lakes on Signy Island (maritime Antarctic) subject to differing degrees of nutrient enrichment
1 December, 1995
1. Canonical correspondence analysis of a diatom and water chemistry dataset from fifty-nine maritime Antarctic lakes situated on Signy and Livingston Islands showed that nutrients and functions of nutrients (NH4+,…Trends in entanglement of Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) in man-made debris at South Georgia
1 November, 1995
A study conducted at South Georgia in 1988/1989 indicated that several thousand Antarctic fur seals were entangled mainly in man-made material originating from fishing vessels. Consequently, the authority responsible for…Inter- and intra-annual variation in milk composition in Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella)
1 November, 1995
The inter- and intra-annual variation in milk composition in Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) was investigated over three consecutive lactation periods (1990-1992) at Bird Island, South Georgia, which included one…Interpreting natural climate signals in ice cores
1 November, 1995 by Eric Wolff
Polar ice caps preserve information about atmospheric composition over the past tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of years. They contain a rich history of the Earth's volcanic activity,…Read more on Interpreting natural climate signals in ice cores
Thermal Environments of Arctic Soil Organisms during Winter
1 November, 1995 by Roger Worland, William Block
This paper compares winter soil temperatures at five high arctic sites (Ny Alesund, West Spitsbergen) and one subarctic site (Slattatjakka, Abisko) during 1992/93 and 1993/94. At the high arctic sites…Read more on Thermal Environments of Arctic Soil Organisms during Winter
First Dynasonde observations of F-region plasma flow at Halley, Antarctica
1 November, 1995
Plasma flow vectors have been derived from data recorded by the Advanced Ionospheric Sounder (operating as a Dynasonde) at Halley, Antarctica (76°, 27°W). Single bulk flow vectors derived from the…Read more on First Dynasonde observations of F-region plasma flow at Halley, Antarctica
Collembolan water relations and environmental change in the maritime Antarctic
1 October, 1995 by William Block
The water status of the collembolan Cryptopygtus antarcticus (Willem) was investigated from April 1984 to December 1987 at Signy Island, maritime Antarctic, by monthly field sampling to determine body water…Read more on Collembolan water relations and environmental change in the maritime Antarctic
Acid sulphate alteration in a magmatic hydrothermal environment, Barton Peninsula, King George Island, Antarctica
1 September, 1995
Volcanic-hosted advanced argillic alteration on Barton Peninsula comprises an assemblage of chalcedonic silica, alunite family minerals, pyrophyllite, pyrite, native sulphur, zunyite and rutile, characteristic of an acid sulphate-type epithermal system.…Temporal patterns of milk production in Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella)
1 September, 1995
The timing of milk production in Antarctic fur seals was studied at Bird Island, South Georgia. Like all lactating otariid seals (Pinnipedia: Otariidae), Antarctic fur seal females alternate between short…Read more on Temporal patterns of milk production in Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella)
Low summer temperatures: a potential mortality factor for high arctic soil microarthropods?
1 September, 1995 by Roger Worland, William Block
Throughout the summers of 1992–1994 the low temperature performance of soil microarthropods at Ny Ålesund, Spitsbergen (78 °56′N 10 °53′E), was investigated. Species studied were the Collembola Hypogastrura tullbergi (Schäffer),…The food feeding ecology of the white-chinned petrel Procellaria aequinctialis at South Georgia
1 September, 1995 by Paul Rodhouse
The diet of the white-chinned petrel at Bird Island, South Georgia was studied during chickrearing in 1986 by quantitative analysis (by weight, frequency of occurrence and number of individuals) of…A linear perturbation analysis of magnetopause motion in the Newton-Busemann limit
1 September, 1995 by Mervyn Freeman
The response of the magnetopause surface to time-varying solar wind dynamic pressure is examined. We argue that to a first approximation the magnetopause surface may be considered as analogous to…Read more on A linear perturbation analysis of magnetopause motion in the Newton-Busemann limit
Year-round column ozone observations at 65°S: Validation and polar winter data
1 September, 1995 by Anna Jones, Eric Wolff, Howard Roscoe, Jonathan Shanklin
A SAOZ (System d'Analyse et d'Observations Zenithales) u.v.-visible spectrometer was installed at Faraday, Antarctica, in 1990, with a view to gaining year-round measurements of column ozone. Observations have been validated…Read more on Year-round column ozone observations at 65°S: Validation and polar winter data
The role of mantle plumes in continental breakup: case histories from Gondwanaland
1 September, 1995
After thirty years of plate-tectonic theory, the reasons why supercontinents disintegrate and disperse to form smaller continental plates remain enigmatic. Possible causes range from abnormally hot mantle upwellings, or plumes,…Read more on The role of mantle plumes in continental breakup: case histories from Gondwanaland
Omnivory and feeding selectivity in five copepod species during spring in the Bellingshausen Sea, Antarctica
1 August, 1995
Copepod grazing experiments were undertaken along a transect of five stations in the Bellingshausen Sea during austral spring. The stations spanned unproductive, nanoflagellate-dominated waters under pack ice to an open…Epibiotic communities on sublittoral macroinvertebrates at Signy Island, Antarctica
1 August, 1995 by Andrew Clarke, David Barnes
The epibiotic communities on locally abundant macroinvertebrates, in particular the brachiopod Liothyrella uva and the limpet Nacella concinna, were examined from depths between 0 and 50 m at Signy Island,…Read more on Epibiotic communities on sublittoral macroinvertebrates at Signy Island, Antarctica