Found 14112 items
8 June, 2012 by Eric Wolff
This study aims at refining the synchronisation between the EPICA Dome C (EDC) and Vostok ice cores in the time interval 0–145 kyr BP by using the volcanic signatures. 102…1 June, 2012 by Jean-Baptiste Sallee
The Southern Ocean’s Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) naturally lends itself to interpretations using a zonally averaged framework. Yet, navigation around steep and complicated bathymetric obstacles suggests that local dynamics may…30 May, 2012 by Hilmar Gudmundsson, Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Predictions of marine ice-sheet behaviour require models that are able to robustly simulate grounding line migration. We present results of an intercomparison exercise for marine ice-sheet models. Verification is effected…Read more on Results of the Marine Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project, MISMIP
16 May, 2012 by Mark Clilverd
Energetic particle precipitation leads to enhancement of odd hydrogen (HOx) below 80 km altitude through water cluster ion chemistry. Using measurements from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS/Aura) and Medium Energy…16 May, 2012 by Hua Lu, Ingrid Cnossen
This study analyzes geopotential height data from the ERA-40 and ERA-Interim reanalyses for the period of 1958–2009 to provide some new insights on the stratospheric Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO) modulation of…Read more on QBO modulation of traveling planetary waves during northern winter
8 May, 2012 by Richard Phillips
Seabirds are facing a growing number of threats in both terrestrial and marine habitats, and many populations have experienced dramatic changes over past decades. Years of seabird research have improved…1 May, 2012 by Richard Horne
Wave propagation plays an important role in linking the chorus source in the plasma trough region and the hiss emission in the plasmasphere. We investigate the dependence of plasmaspheric hiss…1 May, 2012 by Richard Horne
There is increasing evidence that plasmaspheric hiss is formed by the evolution of a portion of chorus waves that are excited in the plasmatrough and propagate into the plasmasphere. Comparison…Read more on Modeling the properties of plasmaspheric hiss: 1. Dependence on chorus wave emission
1 May, 2012 by David Maxfield, Michael Rose
On 5 April 2010 a coronal mass ejection produced a travelling solar wind shock front that impacted the Earth's magnetosphere, producing the largest geomagnetic storm of 2010. The storm resulted…Read more on Ionospheric scintillation over Antarctica during the storm of 5-6 April 2010
1 May, 2012
On 20 January 2005, a solar energetic particle (SEP) event caused the largest recorded solar proton ground level event since 1956. Serendipitously, a balloon-borne experiment intended to measure effects of…1 May, 2012 by Hua Lu, Mark Clilverd
Advanced statistical methods are employed to analyze three long-term time series of geomagnetic activity indices (aa, IHV, and IDV) together with sunspot number (Rz) to examine whether or not the…Read more on Trend and abrupt changes in long-term geomagnetic indices
11 April, 2012 by Lloyd Peck, Michael Thorne, Simon Morley
Defining ecologically relevant upper temperature limits of species is important in the context of environmental change. The approach used in the present paper estimates the relationship between rates of temperature…11 April, 2012 by Alexandra Weiss, John King, Thomas Lachlan-Cope
This study investigates the surface albedo of the sea ice areas adjacent to the Antarctic Peninsula during the austral summer. Aircraft measurements of the surface albedo, which were conducted in…Read more on Albedo of the ice covered Weddell and Bellingshausen Seas
2 April, 2012 by Sally Thorpe, Simeon Hill
We describe the compilation and derivation of parameters for use in krill-fishery-predator models of the Scotia Sea – Antarctic Peninsula region. The primary aim is to provide input for the…2 April, 2012 by Simeon Hill
In 2007 WG-SAM defined a set of reference observations for validating and tuning proposed models to evaluate krill catch allocation options for Area 48 (the SAM calendar). The observations, which…30 March, 2012 by Hilmar Gudmundsson
Longitudinal surface structures (“flowstripes”) are common on many glaciers but their origin and significance are poorly understood. In this paper we present observations of the development of these longitudinal structures…Read more on Longitudinal surface structures (flowstripes) on Antarctic glaciers
27 March, 2012 by Andrew Clarke
A high resolution time-series analysis of stable carbon isotopic signatures in particulate organic carbon (δ13CPOC) and associated biogeochemical parameters in sea ice and surface waters provides an insight into the…27 March, 2012 by John King
Data collected by two automatic weather stations (AWS) on the Larsen C ice shelf, Antarctica, between 22 January 2009 and 1 February 2011 are analyzed and used as input for…14 March, 2012 by Emilie Capron
Although the Last Interglacial (LIG) is often considered as a possible analogue for future climate in high latitudes, its precise climate evolution and associated causes remain uncertain. Here we compile…1 March, 2012 by Keith Makinson, Keith Nicholls
Observations were made of ocean microstructure and horizontal currents adjacent to Brunt Ice Shelf in the southeastern Weddell Sea. Periods of in situ supercooled water extending as deep as 65…Read more on Observations of Thermohaline Convection adjacent to Brunt Ice Shelf
1 March, 2012 by Mark Clilverd
This paper shows that at solar maximum, equatorial ion densities at L = 2.5 are substantially higher at American longitudes in the December months than in the June months. This…Read more on The annual and longitudinal variations in plasmaspheric ion density
1 March, 2012
As part of a collaborative program between British Antarctic Survey and Utah State University, measurements were made using an all-sky airglow imager located at the U.K. Halley Station (76°S, 27°W)…27 February, 2012 by Emily Shuckburgh, Howard Roscoe
New evidence from models, ozone measurements and balloon trajectories is presented that confirms the existence of a broad cohesive region of air at the edge of the Antarctic stratospheric vortex…Read more on The existence of the edge region of the Antarctic stratospheric vortex
17 February, 2012 by Andrew Clarke, Eugene Murphy, Katrin Linse, Nadine Johnston
The deep sea is the largest environment on the planet, the least well known and one of the least studied. It contains extremely large habitats, and millions of km2 of…1 February, 2012 by Mark Clilverd, Neil Cobbett
Using ground-based subionospheric radio wave propagation data from two very low frequency (VLF) receiver sites, riometer absorption data, and THEMIS satellite observations, we examine in detail energetic electron precipitation (EEP)…31 January, 2012 by Emilie Capron
Based on a composite of several measurement series performed on ice samples stored at −25 °C or −50 °C, we present and discuss the first δO2/N2 record of trapped air…Read more on Towards orbital dating of the EPICA Dome C ice core using δO2/N2
24 January, 2012 by Ed King
Basal crevasses extend upwards from the base of ice bodies and can penetrate more than halfway through the ice column under conditions found commonly on ice shelves. As a result,…Read more on Basal crevasses in Larsen C Ice Shelf and implications for their global abundance
19 January, 2012 by Anna Jones, Eric Wolff, Howard Roscoe
NOx measurements were conducted at the Halley Research Station, coastal Antarctica, during the austral summer period 1 January–10 February 2005. A clear NOx diurnal cycle was observed with minimum concentrations…9 January, 2012 by Michael Thorne, Melody Clark
Several organisms display dormancy and developmental arrest at embryonic stages. Long-term survival in the dormant form is usually associated with desiccation, orthodox plant seeds and Artemia cysts being well documented…Read more on Long-Term Survival of Hydrated Resting Eggs from Brachionus plicatilis
1 January, 2012 by Tom Jordan
The basins of southern McMurdo Sound have evolved under the influence of lithospheric flexure induced by the loads of the Erebus Volcanic Province. To characterise these basins, it is important…Read more on Flexural controls on late Neogene basin evolution in southern McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
1 January, 2012
INTERACT: International Network for Terrestrial Research and Monitoring in the Arctic. The INTERACT network is a one-stop shop for access to research infrastructures in the Arctic and mountain areas of…1 January, 2012 by Michael Meredith
Executive Summary The Southern Ocean provides the principal connection between the Earth’s ocean basins and between the upper and lower layers of the global ocean circulation. As a result, the…Read more on The Southern Ocean Observing System: Initial science and implementation strategy
1 January, 2012
The Southern Ocean is the world's largest high nutrient low chlorophyll (HNLC) region. However, satellite images highlight several areas associated with island chains and shallow topographic features which display high…Read more on Seasonal and spatial dynamics of iron availability in the Scotia Sea
1 January, 2012 by Anna Jones
The role of ice in the formation of chemically active halogens in the environment requires a full understanding because of its role in atmospheric chemistry, including controlling the regional atmospheric…1 January, 2012 by Peter Convey
Two species of chironomid midges are currently described in the genus Belgica Jacobs, 1900. Belgica antarctica Jacobs, 1900 is endemic to parts of the maritime Antarctic, and Belgica albipes (Séguy,…1 January, 2012 by Jennifer Jackson
Lineages undergoing rapid radiations provide exceptional opportunities for studying speciation and adaptation, but also represent a challenge for molecular systematics because retention of ancestral polymorphisms and the occurrence of hybridization…Read more on Species tree of a recent radiation: The subfamily Delphininae (Cetacea, Mammalia)
1 January, 2012 by Geraint Tarling, Simeon Hill
This paper aims to provide the overview needed to include krill in food-web models and to guide modellers to key sources of data. It describes the strengths of each method…1 January, 2012 by Paul Geissler, Sophie Fielding
The kinetics of food processing by zooplankton affects both their energy budgets and the biogeochemical fate of their fecal pellets. We sampled 40 schools of krill across the Scotia Sea…1 January, 2012 by Peter Ward
There is an enormous amount of data on Southern Ocean (SO) zooplankton, mostly on their distribution with a minority addressing rate processes. This review aims to summarise these data and…1 January, 2012
The consolidation and bond strength of rafted sea ice were investigated through a series of experiments undertaken in the Ice Physics Laboratory at the UCL. To simulate a section of…Read more on The consolidation and bond strength of rafted sea ice
1 January, 2012
The northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe) is a small (approx. 25 g), insectivorous migrant with one of the largest ranges of any songbird in the world, breeding from the eastern Canadian…1 January, 2012 by Andrew Clarke, David Barnes, Eugene Murphy, Nadine Johnston
The continental shelf is the platform for many of the planet’s most productive ecosystems but it is exposed to high disturbance. At high latitudes, massive grounded ice sheets have extended…Read more on The Dynamic Mosaic Disturbance and Development of Antarctic Benthic Communities
1 January, 2012 by David Pearce
The historic view of ice-bound ecosystems has been one of a predominantly lifeless environment, where microorganisms certainly exist but are assumed to be either completely inactive or in a state…Read more on Advances in the in-field detection of microorganisms in ice
1 January, 2012
Winter ranges have been identified for most neotropical migrant bird species, those that spend the winter months in Central and South America and summer months in North America. Published accounts…Read more on The Northern Black Swift: Migration path and wintering area revealed
1 January, 2012 by Eugene Murphy, Geraint Tarling, Hugh Venables, Peter Ward, Sophie Fielding
The carbonate chemistry of the surface ocean is rapidly changing with ocean acidification, a result of human activities. In the upper layers of the Southern Ocean, aragonite—a metastable form of…Read more on Extensive dissolution of live pteropods in the Southern Ocean
1 January, 2012 by Geraint Tarling, Sophie Fielding
Limacina helicina antarctica is a common part of the Southern Ocean zooplankton community but little is known about its life cycle. Here we determine the population structure and standing stock…1 January, 2012 by Geraint Tarling
Pteropods are a group of holoplanktonic gastropods for which global biomass distribution patterns remain poorly described. The aim of this study was to collect and synthesise existing pteropod (Gymnosomata, Thecosomata…1 January, 2012 by Mark Belchier
This review summarises the available information on the biology and ecology of the lithodids at South Georgia and provides an overview of the development of a management regime for them.…1 January, 2012 by Andy Smith, David Vaughan, Ed King, Fausto Ferraccioli, Hamish Pritchard, Robert Larter
Current ice loss from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) accounts for about ten per cent of observed global sea-level rise1. Losses are dominated by dynamic thinning, in which forcings…Read more on Inland thinning of West Antarctic Ice Sheet steered along subglacial rifts
1 January, 2012 by Emma Boland, Emily Shuckburgh
Coherent jets are ubiquitous features of the ocean’s circulation, and their characteristics, such as orientation and energetics, may be influenced by topography. In this study, the authors introduce a large-scale,…Read more on The formation of nonzonal jets over sloped topography
1 January, 2012 by Thomas Bracegirdle
The current understanding of climate changes that have occurred in the last 50 years over Antarctica is presented with a focus on: (i) a summer warming of the eastern Antarctic…Read more on Detection and attribution of Antarctic climate change
1 January, 2012 by Gareth Marshall, Thomas Bracegirdle
In this study, surface and radiosonde data from staffed Antarctic observation stations are compared to output from five reanalyses [Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40), ECMWF Interim…1 January, 2012 by Eric Wolff
Abundant indirect evidence suggests that the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) reduced in size during the Last Interglacial (LIG) compared to the Holocene. This study explores this possibility by comparing,…1 January, 2012
Field observations from the Trinity Peninsula Group at View Point on the Antarctic Peninsula indicate that thick, southward-younging and overturned clastic sedimentary rocks, comprising unusually coarse conglomeratic lenses within a…1 January, 2012 by Lloyd Peck
Global warming is a reality and its effects have been widely studied. However, the consequences for marine invertebrates remain poorly understood. Thus, the present study proposed to evaluate the effect…1 January, 2012 by Thomas Lachlan-Cope
Compared to other regions, little is known about clouds in Antarctica. This arises in part from the challenging deployment of instrumentation in this remote and harsh environment and from the…1 January, 2012 by Emilie Capron
The climate of the last glacial Marine Isotopic Stage 3 (MIS3) period is characterized by strong millennial-scale variability with a succession of Dansgaard–Oeschger events first identified in Greenland ice cores…Read more on Regional imprints of millennial variability during the MIS 3 period around Antarctica
1 January, 2012
We simulate the likely noisy situation near a reconnection region by superposing many 2D linear reconnection eigenmodes. The superposition of modes on the steady state X-type magnetic field creates multiple…Read more on Particle Acceleration in the Presence of Weak Turbulence at an X-Type Neutral Point
1 January, 2012 by Lloyd Peck, Melody Clark
The extensive regeneration ability of ophiuroids, particularly in relation to arm re-growth following amputation, is becoming increasingly recognized as a useful model system for understanding cellular differentiation and regeneration in…Read more on Intrinsic gene expression during regeneration in arm explants of Amphiura filiformis
1 January, 2012 by Peter Kirsch
The NERC Science Information Strategy Data Citation and Publication project aims to develop and formalise a method for formally citing and publishing the datasets stored in its environmental data centres.…1 January, 2012 by Jonathan Shanklin, Steve Colwell
The passage of a volcanic plume produced by the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull volcano in April 2010 was measured by the sunesky radiometers of the new European SkyRad (ESR) network. This…1 January, 2012 by Roger Worland, Peter Convey
The Antarctic Peninsula has experienced a strong climate warming trend of + 0.53 °C (mean annual air temperature) over the last 50 years. In the Polar Regions, changes in vegetation…1 January, 2012 by Deb Shoosmith, Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James Smith
The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is one of the key components of ocean circulation, and a knowledge of its isotopic composition is essential to the use of neodymium (Nd) isotopes to…1 January, 2012 by Richard Phillips
The wandering albatross (Diomedea exulans) is regarded as a generalist predator, but can it be consistent in its foraging niche at an individual level? This study tested short- and long-term…Read more on Short- and long-term consistency in the foraging niche of wandering albatrosses
1 January, 2012 by David Pearce, Peter Convey
Despite an increasing number of Antarctic soil diversity assessments, understanding of the bacterial community composition in the arid soil environments of the maritime/continental Antarctic transitional zone remains lacking. Most documented…1 January, 2012 by David Pearce, Peter Convey
We adopted a statistical approach to identify environmental parameters which might be important in structuring the bacterial community in soils on the Antarctic Peninsula. An assessment of soil bacterial community…1 January, 2012 by David Pearce, Peter Convey
Since the advent of 16SrRNAgene-based molecular analysis, an increasing amount of work has been conducted on the Antarctic soilbacterial community. The majority of such studies suggest that the Antarctic soil…1 January, 2012 by Kevin Hughes, Peter Convey, Susie Grant
The Antarctic Treaty System, acknowledged as a successful model of cooperative regulation of one of the globe’s largest commons ( 1), is under substantial pressure. Concerns have been raised about…Read more on Challenges to the future conservation of the Antarctic
1 January, 2012 by Andrew Clarke, Eugene Murphy, Nadine Johnston
Of all the characteristics of biodiversity, the most noteworthy is its variability. Recognition that the significance of the mechanisms underlying this variation changes as the scale of interest is altered,…Read more on Spatial and Temporal Variability in Terrestrial Antarctic Biodiversity
1 January, 2012 by Kevin Hughes
Invasive alien species are among the primary causes of biodiversity change globally, with the risks thereof broadly understood for most regions of the world. They are similarly thought to be…1 January, 2012
We studied the seasonal lipid dynamics of Calanus finmarchicus from Loch Etive, a semi-enclosed fjordic environment on the west coast of Scotland, in relation to the diapause behavior of this…1 January, 2012 by Andrew Clarke, David Barnes, Eugene Murphy, John King, Lloyd Peck, Michael Meredith, Nadine Johnston, Thomas Bracegirdle
The Antarctic Peninsula is one of three areas of the globe currently experiencing rapid regional climate change (King, 1994; Smith et al., 1996, King & Harangozo, 1998; Vaughan et al.,…1 January, 2012 by Andrew Clarke
The mountainous island of South Georgia, situated in the cold but productive waters of the Southern Ocean, is one of the world’s most important seabird islands. It is estimated that…1 January, 2012 by Andrew Clarke, Eugene Murphy, Nadine Johnston
Antarctica offers an unrivalled natural laboratory for fundamental research on the evolutionary processes that shape biological diversity on both local and regional scales. Physiologists and ecologists have long been attracted…Read more on Introduction – Antarctic ecology in a changing world
1 January, 2012 by Mark Clilverd
On 5 April 2010 a series of energetic electron injections, acceleration, and loss events appeared to induce an operational anomaly in the Galaxy 15 geosynchronous communications satellite. We describe the…1 January, 2012 by Claire Allen, Dominic Hodgson
Establishing accurate chronologies for Late Quaternary Antarctic marine sediments is often a challenge due to variable radiocarbon reservoir effects, the presence of coarse-grained glacial material and a lack of carbonate…1 January, 2012 by Claire Allen, Dominic Hodgson
Recent modeling suggests that changes in Southern Ocean sea-ice extent potentially regulated the exchange of CO2 release between the ocean and atmosphere during glacials. Unfortunately, a lack of high-resolution sea-ice…1 January, 2012 by Gabriele Stowasser, Hugh Venables, Martin Collins, Peter Enderlein, Sophie Fielding
Mesopelagic fish are a key component of the pelagic ecosystem throughout the world’s oceans. Opening and closing nets were used to investigate patterns in the distribution and abundance of mesopelagic…1 January, 2012 by Jennifer Jackson
Estimating the abundance of long-lived, migratory animals is challenging but essential for managing populations. We provide the first abundance estimates of endangered humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae from their breeding grounds…1 January, 2012 by Peter Convey
Some of the most rapidly changing ecosystems on our planet are located in the polar regions (IPCC 2007; Turner et al. 2009; SWIPA 2011). In some areas of the Arctic…Read more on The impacts of climate change on circumpolar biodiversity
1 January, 2012 by Andrew Clarke, David Barnes, Eugene Murphy, Huw Griffiths, Katrin Linse, Nadine Johnston, Peter Convey, Susie Grant
In this chapter we refer to the ‘Antarctic’ in its widest sense. On land, we include the Antarctic continent and Peninsula, the various archipelagos of the Scotia arc, and the…Read more on Biogeography and Regional Classifications of Antarctica
1 January, 2012 by Kevin Hughes, Peter Convey
Antarctic terrestrial biodiversity is challenged by rapid climatic changes and expansion of the human footprint. As well as the potential for environmental damage at the local level, these challenges are…1 January, 2012 by Howard Roscoe
Amounts of source gases with stratospheric sinks (CFCs, N2O, CH4) are affected by changes in BrewerDobson circulation. Source gases and their degradation products are important for atmospheric chemistry and climate.…1 January, 2012
Previous work has demonstrated that exposure to an hour of bright light in the morning and the evening during the Polar winter has beneficial effects on circadian phase. This study…1 January, 2012 by John King
This paper details the event, recording instrumentation, and verification of a new world extreme three-second average wind gust record of 113.3 m s–1, measured on Barrow Island, Australia, during the…1 January, 2012 by Philip Trathan, Richard Phillips, Stacey Adlard
In avian species that have evolved life-history strategies wherein molt and breeding overlap, there are potential conflicts between the regulatory roles of baseline prolactin and corticosterone in parental care (positive)…1 January, 2012 by Derren Fox, Philip Trathan, Richard Phillips
Physiological mechanisms mediating carryover effects, wherein events or activities occurring in one season, habitat, or life-history stage affect important processes in subsequent life-history stages, are largely unknown. The mechanism most…