Found 13238 items
1 January, 2012 by Dominic Hodgson, Stephen Roberts
The Antarctic Peninsula is one of the most rapidly warming regions on Earth, as evidenced by a recent increase in the intensity and duration of summer melting, the recession of…1 January, 2012 by Gabriele Stowasser, Martin Collins, Richard Phillips
The pelagic food web of the Scotia Sea was studied by analysing natural abundances of nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes of primary producers and pelagic consumers, sampled from the seasonal…Read more on Food web dynamics in the Scotia Sea in summer: A stable isotope study
1 January, 2012 by Gabriele Stowasser
Fatty acid analysis was used to study the trophic ecology of 10 demersal fish species in the South Georgia region. Principal component analysis grouped the species into three general clusters,…1 January, 2012 by Lloyd Peck
Our aim in conducting annual horizon scans is to identify issues that, although currently receiving little attention, may be of increasing importance to the conservation of biological diversity in the…Read more on A horizon scan of global conservation issues for 2012
1 January, 2012 by Eugene Murphy, Geraint Tarling, Gabriele Stowasser, Hugh Venables, Peter Ward
The biomass size structure of pelagic communities provides a system level perspective that can be instructive when considering trophic interactions. Such perspectives can become even more powerful when combined with…1 January, 2012 by Eugene Murphy, Geraint Tarling, Martin Collins, Peter Ward
The Scotia Sea has been a focus of biological- and physical oceanographic study since the Discovery expeditions in the early 1900s. It is a physically energetic region with some of…Read more on DISCOVERY 2010: Spatial and temporal variability in a dynamic polar ecosystem
1 January, 2012 by Peter Convey
Soil trampling is one of the most obvious direct negative human impacts in Antarctica. Through a range of experiments and field studies based on quantitative physical (soil penetration resistance) and…1 January, 2012 by Helen Peat, Peter Convey
Aim: To present a synthesis of past biogeographic analyses and a new approach based on spatially explicit biodiversity information for the Antarctic region to identify biologically distinct areas in need…1 January, 2012 by Jean-Baptiste Sallee
The Southern Ocean’s Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) naturally lends itself to interpretations using a zonally averaged framework. Yet, navigation around steep and complicated bathymetric obstacles suggests that local dynamics may…1 January, 2012
A coupled biogeochemical-physical ocean model is used to study the seasonal and long–term variations of surface pCO2 in the North Atlantic Ocean. The model agrees well with recent underway pCO2…Read more on A model study of the seasonal and long-term North Atlantic surface pCO2 variability
1 January, 2012 by Kevin Newsham
Snow moulds are fungi and fungal-like microbes that occur frequently as pathogens of moss and vascular plant species in the Arctic and Antarctic, chiefly in maritime areas with permanent snow…1 January, 2012 by Pierre Dutrieux
We report the first simultaneous measurements of surface water pCO2, biological oxygen saturation (ΔO2/Ar) and dimethylsulfide (DMS) concentrations in polynya waters and the sea ice zone of the Amundsen Sea,…1 January, 2012 by Norman Ratcliffe, Philip Trathan
Macaroni penguins Eudyptes chrysolophus are thought to be one of the most important mesopredators in the Southern Ocean having a greater impact on prey availability and abundance than any other…1 January, 2012 by Andrew Clarke, Eugene Murphy, Jaume Forcada, Nadine Johnston, Philip Trathan
The Southern Ocean (Figure 11.1) is a major component within the global ocean and climate system. It not only unites the Atlantic Ocean with the Indian and Pacific Oceans, but…Read more on Environmental Forcing and Southern Ocean Marine Predator Populations
1 January, 2012 by Eric Wolff
Differences in the duration of interglacials have long been apparent in palaeoclimate records of the Late and Middle Pleistocene. However, a systematic evaluation of such differences has been hampered by…Read more on Can we predict the duration of an interglacial?
1 January, 2012 by Vsevolod Afanasyev
The small size of the billions of migrating songbirds commuting between temperate breeding sites and the tropics has long prevented the study of the largest part of their annual cycle…1 January, 2012 by Martin Collins
Many marine pelagic fish species are characterized by subtle but complex genetic structures and dynamics, depending on the balance between current-mediated larval dispersal and adult active homing behavior. The circumantarctic…1 January, 2012
New analysis of the relationships between geological structural data and radiometric ages for the Lassiter Coast Intrusive Suite indicate that the collisional mid-Cretaceous Palmer Land Event orogeny in the Antarctic…1 January, 2012 by Philip Leat
Subduction-related Mesozoic mafic dykes in eastern Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula, record the development of an intra-oceanic arc terrane, the Dyer Arc, probably of late Permian–Triassic age, represented by a tholeiitic…1 January, 2012
New structural and geochronological data from the Eastern Palmer Land Shear Zone, in the vicinity of Beaumont Glacier, provide the first evidence of dated structural control on emplacement of the…1 January, 2012
The possibility that the tsunami, generated as a consequence of the large Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake of March 11th 2011, could be recorded by the tide gauge stations located in…Read more on Has the Mediterranean Sea felt the March 11th, 2011, Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake?
1 January, 2012 by Hugh Venables, Michael Meredith, Peter Ward
The fronts in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) comprise the Southern ACC Front (SACCF), the Polar Front (PF) and Sub-Antarctic Front (SAF), which, together with the Southern Boundary (SB), separate…1 January, 2012 by Peter Convey
In September 2011, Aberdeen (UK) hosted the World Conference on Marine Biodiversity (WCMB). Within this Conference, the multidisciplinary international Science Research Programme (SRP) of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research…1 January, 2012 by Dominic Hodgson, Stephen Roberts
Polar lakes respond quickly to climate-induced environmental changes. We studied the chemical limnological variability in 127 lakes and ponds from eight ice-free regions along the East Antarctic coastline, and compared…1 January, 2012
Although metaphorical and conceptual connections between the human brain and the financial markets have often been drawn, rigorous physical or mathematical underpinnings of this analogy remain largely unexplored. Here, we…Read more on Topological isomorphisms of human brain and financial market networks
1 January, 2012 by Mark Belchier, Richard Phillips
Wide-ranging, surface-feeding pelagic seabirds are the most numerous functional group of birds in the Southern Ocean. The mesoscale habitat use of these birds is increasingly being quantified by relating their…1 January, 2012 by Claire Waluda, Helen Peat, Philip Trathan, Simeon Hill
We analysed summer diet and fledging mass of macaroni penguins Eudyptes chrysolophus breeding at Bird Island, South Georgia, during the crèche period (January and February) between 1989 and 2010. Crustaceans…1 January, 2012 by Norman Ratcliffe
The impacts of predation by invasive mammals on island fauna are a major driver of insular biodiversity loss. Devastating, hitherto unsuspected impacts of predatory house mice on breeding seabirds have…Read more on Predation of Atlantic Petrel chicks by house mice on Gough Island
1 January, 2012 by Geraint Tarling, Peter Ward
Mesozooplankton distribution and community structure was investigated during 3 cruises to the Scotia Sea in austral spring, summer and autumn. Three mesh sizes of Bongo nets were used during each…1 January, 2012 by Geraint Tarling, Gabriele Stowasser, Hugh Venables, Martin Collins, Peter Enderlein, Peter Ward, Sally Thorpe, Sophie Fielding
Bioregionalisation, the partitioning of large ecosystems into functionally distinct sub-units, facilitates ecosystem modelling, management and conservation. A variety of schemes have been used to partition the Southern Ocean, based variously…Read more on Food web structure and bioregions in the Scotia Sea: A seasonal synthesis
1 January, 2012 by Geraint Tarling, Peter Enderlein, Peter Ward
If Southern Ocean plankton communities are changing in response to climate, biases in various nets need to be evaluated to help understand regional and temporal differences between historical and contemporary…1 January, 2012 by Lloyd Peck, Simon Morley
There is great concern over the future effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms, especially for skeletal calcification, yet little is known of natural variation in skeleton size and composition…1 January, 2012 by Geraint Tarling
The population dynamics, individual growth rates and productivity of the hyperiid amphipod Themisto gaudichaudii were studied in Cumberland Bay, a fjord on the north-eastern coast of South Georgia. The study…1 January, 2012 by Robert Larter
Multichannel seismic reflection lines collected in the western Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE) provide an insight into the sedimentary cover on the shelf, which documents glacial processes. Numerous columnar, reflection-poor structures…1 January, 2012 by Alexandra Weiss, John King, Thomas Lachlan-Cope
This study investigates the surface albedo of the sea ice areas adjacent to the Antarctic Peninsula during the austral summer. Aircraft measurements of the surface albedo, which were conducted in…Read more on Albedo of the ice covered Weddell and Bellingshausen Seas
1 January, 2012 by Eric Wolff, Liz Thomas
We present an automated process for determining the annual layer chronology of an ice-core with a strong annual signal, utilising the hydrogen peroxide record from an Antarctic Peninsula ice-core as…Read more on Automated ice-core layer-counting with strong univariate signals
1 January, 2012 by Hugh Venables
The Scotia Sea area has high productivity relative to the Southern Ocean as a whole, but this displays strong latitudinal and longitudinal gradients. Elucidating the extent of these from a…1 January, 2012 by Alistair Crame, Katrin Linse, Rowan Whittle
Nuculid bivalves of the Cape Melville Formation (Early Miocene, King George Island) are reviewed. Ten bivalve taxa are listed from the formation in the families Nuculidae (two species), Sareptidae, Malletiidae,…1 January, 2012 by Rosie Williams, Robert Arthern, Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Changes at the grounding line of ice streams have consequences for inland ice dynamics and hence sea level. Despite substantial evidence documenting upstream propagation of frontal change, the mechanisms by…1 January, 2012 by Robert Larter
We present a reconstruction of the Antarctic topography at the Eocene–Oligocene (ca. 34 Ma) climate transition. This provides a realistic key boundary condition for modeling the first big Antarctic ice…Read more on Antarctic topography at the Eocene-Oligocene boundary
1 January, 2012 by Emilie Capron
Insoluble trace gases are trapped in polar ice at the firn-ice transition, at approximately 50 to 100 m below the surface, depending primarily on the site temperature and snow accumulation.…1 January, 2012 by Eric Wolff, Markus Frey
The Carrington Event of 1859 is considered to be among the largest space weather events of the last 150 years. We show that only one out of 14 well-resolved ice…Read more on The Carrington event not observed in most ice core nitrate records
1 January, 2012 by Eric Wolff
Chemical and isotopic records obtained from polar ice cores have provided some of the most iconic datasets in Earth system science. Here, I discuss how the different records are formed…Read more on Chemical signals of past climate and environment from polar ice cores and firn air
1 January, 2012 by Simeon Hill
This study provides the first description of the feeding ecology of the smooth lanternshark Etmopterus pusillus based on stomach contents of specimens caught as bycatch in the Algarve (southern Portugal)…1 January, 2012 by Povl Abrahamsen
In search of an explanation for some of the greenest waters ever seen in coastal Antarctica and their possible link to some of the fastest melting glaciers and declining summer…Read more on The Amundsen Sea Polynya International Research Expedition (ASPIRE)
1 January, 2012 by Philip Trathan
Foraging trip duratiom of breeding seabirds is affected by characteristics of available feeding habitat in the marine environment, which may in turn, generate inter-colony difference in the patterns of nest…1 January, 2012 by Eugene Murphy, Emma Young, Mark Belchier, Michael Meredith
Waters around South Georgia are amongst the most productive in the Southern Ocean, and support internationally important fisheries. However, there is significant inter-annual variability in fish stocks, and some species…1 January, 2012 by Peter Convey
Despite a widespread recognition of the role of seabird colonies in the fertilization of nutrient-poor polar terrestrial ecosystems, qualitative and quantitative data documenting any consequential influence on soil invertebrate communities…1 January, 2012
The tracking of small avian migrants has only recently become possible by the use of small light-level geolocators, allowing the reconstruction of whole migration routes, as well as timing and…1 January, 2012 by Dominic Hodgson
The Antarctic continent, including its ice shelves, has an area of 13.8 million km2, about half the size of North America and 1.3 times the size of Europe. It is…2 December, 2011 by Jean-Baptiste Sallee, Michael Meredith
Drake Passage is the narrowest constriction of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) in the Southern Ocean, with implications for global ocean circulation and climate. We review the long-term sustained monitoring…1 December, 2011 by Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne
We simulate the spatial and spectral distributions of plasmaspheric hiss using a technique that involves extensive ray tracing. The rays are injected in the equatorial chorus source region outside the…Read more on Modeling the wave power distribution and characterisitics of plamaspheric hiss
16 November, 2011 by Ed King, Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Bedrock uplift in Antarctica is dominated by a combination of glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) and elastic response to contemporary mass change. Here, we present spatially extensive GPS observations of Antarctic…4 November, 2011 by Mervyn Freeman
We present an analysis of ionospheric electric field data observed during a geomagnetic storm by the recently deployed HF radar located on the Falkland Islands. On 3 August 2010 at…1 November, 2011 by Mark Clilverd
Observed phases and amplitudes of VLF radio signals propagating on very long paths are used to validate electron density parameters for the lowest edge of the (D region of the)…Read more on Daytime D region parameters from long-path VLF phase and amplitude
1 November, 2011 by Angelika Renner, Sally Thorpe
We present observations of high-frequency current variability on the continental shelf and the slope of the Antarctic Peninsula using Lagrangian surface drifters deployed as part of the Antarctic Drifter Experiment:…27 October, 2011 by Ailsa Stroud, Liz Thomas, Louise Sime, Robert Mulvaney
Recent developments in ice melter systems and continuous flow analysis (CFA) techniques now allow higher-resolution ice core analysis. Here, we present a new method to aid interpretation of high-resolution ice…22 October, 2011 by Robert Mulvaney
The accumulation, isotopic and chemical signals of an ice core from James Ross Island, Antarctica, are investigated for the interval from 1967 to 2008. Over this interval, comparison with station,…Read more on Environmental signals in a highly resolved ice core from James Ross Island, Antarctica
16 October, 2011
All-sky CCD observations of mesospheric gravity waves have been made from Halley Station Antarctica (75.5°S, 26.7°W) as part of a collaborative research program between British Antarctic Survey, U.K. and Utah…Read more on The evolution of a breaking mesospheric bore wave packet
16 October, 2011 by Alexandra Weiss, John King, Thomas Lachlan-Cope
We study the effective aerodynamic roughness length z0_eff and scalar roughness length for temperature zT_eff over different compact sea ice types in the Antarctic Weddell Sea by aircraft measurements during…Read more on On the effective aerodynamic and scalar roughness length of Weddell Sea ice
1 October, 2011 by Eric Wolff, Robert Mulvaney
Valuable information about the environment and climate of the past is preserved in ice cores which are drilled through ice sheets in polar and alpine regions. A pivotal part of…Read more on Bayesian Glaciological Modelling to quantify uncertainties in ice core chronologies
1 October, 2011 by Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne
Using the statistical CRRES measurements of the electric field intensities of lower band chorus (LBC) and upper band chorus (UBC) around L = 6 under geomagnetically moderate conditions, we evaluate…16 September, 2011
We investigate enhancements of mesospheric nitric acid (HNO(3)) in the Northern Hemisphere polar night regions during the January 2005 and December 2006 solar proton events (SPEs). The enhancements are caused…12 September, 2011 by Robert Larter
Overall Objective: Review existing data and identify priorities for future geoscience research (terrestrial, marine and airborne) in the Amundsen Sea embayment (ASE) region required to develop a better understanding of…1 September, 2011 by Richard Horne
Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves are an integral component of the Earth's dynamic space environment. In order to quantify their effect, it is necessary to know their saturation amplitude, but…Read more on Saturation characteristic of electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves
1 September, 2011
Both observations and high resolution numerical models show that the Southern Ocean circumpolar flow is concentrated in a large number (approximately 8 to 12) of narrow filamentary jets. It is…Read more on Low frequency variability of Southern Ocean jets
27 August, 2011 by Hua Lu, Mark Clilverd
The relationship between the geomagnetic aa index and the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) has previously been found to be nonstationary, being weakly negative during the early 20th century and…15 August, 2011
The stability of the Earth's major ice sheets is a critical uncertainty in predictions of future climate and sea level change. One method of investigating the behaviour of the Greenland…Read more on Sensitivity of Pliocene ice sheets to orbital forcing
2 August, 2011 by Michael Meredith
Results from the development and analysis of a novel temperature dataset for the high latitude North-West Atlantic are presented. The new 1 degrees gridded dataset ("ATLAS") has been produced from…1 August, 2011 by Richard Horne
Plasmaspheric hiss (PH) is a band-limited, incoherent whistler mode emission found predominantly in the plasmasphere or high-density plasma regions in the near-Earth space environment. Since its discovery in the late…Read more on Modeling the evolution of chorus waves into plasmaspheric hiss
1 August, 2011 by Richard Horne
Radiation belt dynamics have been modeled by the modified Fokker-Planck diffusion equation with sources from the low-energy plasma sheet population and losses to the atmosphere and magnetopause. We perform a…1 August, 2011 by Michael Meredith, Zhaomin Wang
The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report) models show a consistent intensification and poleward shift of the westerly winds over the…27 July, 2011 by Steve Colwell, Tracy Moffat-Griffin
An 8 year series of 965 high-resolution radiosonde soundings over Rothera (67 degrees S, 68 degrees W) on the Antarctic Peninsula are used to study gravity wave characteristics in the…16 July, 2011 by Hua Lu, Ingrid Cnossen
We analyzed observational geopotential height data to provide some new insights on the 11 year solar cycle signal in the Northern Hemisphere early winter and its modulation by the quasi-biennial…30 June, 2011 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
Ice domes are either axisymmetric, high points along ridges, or ridge triple junctions. We model time-dependent isothermal flow near triple junctions, solving the full set of mechanical equations with a…Read more on Flow at ice-divide triple junctions: 1. Three-dimensional full-Stokes modeling
30 June, 2011 by Ed King, Hugh Corr, Richard Hindmarsh, Robert Mulvaney, Richard Hindmarsh
Ground-based surveys of ice-divide triple junctions in two Antarctic ice rises, the Fletcher Promontory and Berkner Island, have been carried out using low-frequency ice-penetrating radars. These surveys have focused on…27 June, 2011 by Eric Wolff, Howard Roscoe
In the laboratory, we have investigated the growth and composition of frost flowers. Their ionic composition has shown little difference from those of field measurements. Young frost flowers grown on…1 June, 2011 by Hilmar Gudmundsson, Keith Nicholls
Ocean tides under the large Weddell Sea ice shelves are among the least well observed on Earth. Here we present new, spatially extensive observations of the vertical tidal motion of…1 June, 2011 by Richard Hindmarsh, Richard Hindmarsh
In East Antarctica surface mass balance data can only be obtained from the sparsely distributed ice cores when considering time periods greater than a few decades. Observations of internal layers…1 June, 2011 by Nigel Meredith
We perform a comprehensive analysis of resonant scattering of diffuse auroral electrons by oblique nightside chorus emissions present along a field line with an equatorial crossing of 6 R(E) at…1 June, 2011 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand
We present results of detailed paleomagnetic investigations on deep-sea cores from sediment drifts located along the Pacific continental margin of the Antarctic Peninsula. High-resolution magnetic measurements on u channel samples…25 May, 2011 by Adrian Jenkins, David Vaughan, Hugh Corr, Hamish Pritchard, Paul Holland, Robert Arthern
The air content of glacial firn determines the effect and attribution of observed changes in ice surface elevation, but is currently measurable only using labor-intensive ground-based techniques. Here a novel…23 May, 2011 by Povl Abrahamsen
This cruise report describes the combined JR252 and JR254C cruise on RRS James Clark Ross, departing Port Stanley on March 19th and arriving in Punta Arenas on April 6th. JR252…Read more on Cruise Report RRS James Clark Ross JR252 & JR254C, 19 March – 6 April 2011
1 May, 2011
Sea ice friction models are necessary to predict the nature of interactions between sea ice floes. These interactions are of interest on a range of scales, for example, to predict…1 May, 2011 by Mai Mai Lam, Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne
Electron precipitation from the Earth's inner magnetosphere transmits solar variability to the Earth's upper atmosphere and may affect surface level climate. Here we conduct a superposed epoch analysis of energetic…Read more on Energetic electron precipitation during high-speed solar wind stream driven storms
16 April, 2011 by Mark Clilverd
Utilizing observations from the Medium Energy Proton and Electron Detector (MEPED) on board the Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellite (POES) and the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) on board the Aura satellite,…1 April, 2011 by Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne
Using statistical wave power spectral profiles obtained from CRRES and the latitudinal distributions of wave propagation modeled by the HOTRAY code, a quantitative analysis has been performed on the scattering…1 April, 2011 by Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne
Using the statistical wave power spectral profiles obtained from CRRES wave data within the 0000–0600 MLT sector under different levels of geomagnetic activity and a modeled latitudinal variation of wave…