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Found 6035 items

The Early Miocene Cape Melville Formation fossil assemblage and the evolution of modern Antarctic marine communities

1 January, 2014 by Huw Griffiths, Alistair Crame, Katrin Linse, Rowan Whittle

The fossil community from the Early Miocene Cape Melville Formation (King George Island, Antarctica) does not show the archaic retrograde nature of modern Antarctic marine communities, despite evidence, such as…

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Stable isotopes and Antarctic moss banks: plants and soil microbes respond to recent warming on the Antarctic Peninsula [abstract only]

1 January, 2014 by Dominic Hodgson, Peter Convey

The Antarctic Peninsula is one of the most rapidly warming regions on Earth, with air temperature increases of as much as 3°C recorded since the 1950s. However, the longer-term context…

Read more on Stable isotopes and Antarctic moss banks: plants and soil microbes respond to recent warming on the Antarctic Peninsula [abstract only]

Environmental complexity and biodiversity: the multi-layered evolutionary history of a log-dwelling velvet worm in montane temperate Australia

17 December, 2013 by Chester Sands

Phylogeographic studies provide a framework for understanding the importance of intrinsic versus extrinsic factors in shaping patterns of biodiversity through identifying past and present microevolutionary processes that contributed to lineage…

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The atmospheric HCHO budget at Dumont d’Urville (East Antarctica): Contribution of photochemical gas-phase production versus snow emissions

16 December, 2013 by Anna Jones

HCHO was monitored throughout the year 2009 at the coastal East Antarctic site of Dumont d'Urville (DDU) using Aerolaser AL-4021 analyzers. The accurate determination of less than 100 pptv required…

Read more on The atmospheric HCHO budget at Dumont d’Urville (East Antarctica): Contribution of photochemical gas-phase production versus snow emissions

Determining the spectra of radiation belt electron losses: Fitting DEMETER electron flux observations for typical and storm times

9 December, 2013 by Mark Clilverd

The energy spectra of energetic electron precipitation from the radiation belts are studied in order to improve our understanding of the influence of radiation belt processes. The Detection of Electromagnetic…

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Investigating the consistency between proxy-based reconstructions and climate models using data assimilation: a mid-Holocene case study

6 December, 2013 by Pierre Mathiot

The mid-Holocene (6 kyr BP; thousand years before present) is a key period to study the consistency between model results and proxy-based reconstruction data as it corresponds to a standard…

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Variability of circumpolar deep water transport onto the Amundsen Sea continental shelf through a shelf break trough

1 December, 2013 by Adrian Jenkins, Deb Shoosmith, Keith Nicholls

The presence of warm Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) intrusions on the Amundsen continental shelf has been linked to recent thinning of the outlet glaciers draining the West Antarctic ice sheet…

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From strategic ambiguity to technical reference points in the Antarctic krill fishery: the worst journey in the world

1 December, 2013 by Simeon Hill

The goals of ecosystem based management (EBM) are strategically ambiguous, meaning that they require interpretation to identify objectives for ecosystem state. Ecosystem states that are useful for achieving such objectives…

Read more on From strategic ambiguity to technical reference points in the Antarctic krill fishery: the worst journey in the world

Observations of nitric oxide in the Antarctic middle atmosphere during recurrent geomagnetic storms

1 December, 2013 by David Newnham, David Maxfield, Mark Clilverd, Richard Horne

We report ground-based measurements of the polar middle atmosphere made using a 230-250 GHz passive microwave radiometer deployed at Troll station (72°01’S 02°32’E, L-shell of L = 4.8), Antarctica. Our observations show enhanced…

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Comparison between POES energetic electron precipitation observations and riometer absorptions; implications for determining true precipitation fluxes

1 December, 2013 by Andrew Kavanagh, Mark Clilverd

Energetic Electron Precipitation (EEP) impacts the chemistry of the middle atmosphere with growing evidence of coupling to surface temperatures at high latitudes. To better understand this link it is essential…

Read more on Comparison between POES energetic electron precipitation observations and riometer absorptions; implications for determining true precipitation fluxes

Temporal and spatial evolution of the Antarctic sea ice prior to the September 2012 record maximum extent

20 November, 2013 by Gareth Marshall, Scott Hosking, John Turner, Tony Phillips

On 24 September 2012 the Antarctic sea ice extent (SIE) reached a new annual daily maximum (ADM) for the satellite era of 19.72 × 106 km2. The largest positive SIE anomalies compared to…

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Potential subglacial lake locations and meltwater drainage pathways beneath the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets

11 November, 2013 by Jonathan Kingslake

We use the Shreve hydraulic potential equation as a simplified approach to investigate potential subglacial lake locations and meltwater drainage pathways beneath the Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets. We validate…

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Evaluating highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) biomarkers as a novel Antarctic sea-ice proxy in deep ocean glacial age sediments

1 November, 2013 by Claire Allen, Dominic Hodgson

Antarctic sea-ice plays a primary role in the climate system, potentially modulating interhemispheric millennial-scale climate change and deglacial warming. Recently, microfossil proxy data have provided important insights into this potential…

Read more on Evaluating highly branched isoprenoid (HBI) biomarkers as a novel Antarctic sea-ice proxy in deep ocean glacial age sediments

Inter-year differences in survival of Atlantic puffins Fratercula arctica are not associated with winter distribution

1 November, 2013 by Richard Phillips

Miniature geolocator loggers (Global Location Sensing, GLS) that provide daily locations of birds have revolutionised the study of winter ecology and migration patterns of seabirds. A long-term study of ringing…

Read more on Inter-year differences in survival of Atlantic puffins Fratercula arctica are not associated with winter distribution

Plasticity in shell morphology and growth among deep-sea protobranch bivalves of the genus Yoldiella (Yoldiidae) from contrasting Southern Ocean regions

1 November, 2013 by Katrin Linse

The ecology of Antarctic deep-sea fauna is poorly understood and few studies have gone beyond assessing biodiversity when comparing deep regions of the Southern Ocean. Protobranch bivalves are ubiquitous in…

Read more on Plasticity in shell morphology and growth among deep-sea protobranch bivalves of the genus Yoldiella (Yoldiidae) from contrasting Southern Ocean regions

Foraging range and habitat associations of non‑breeding Tristan albatrosses: overlap with fisheries and implications for conservation

1 November, 2013 by Richard Phillips

The Tristan albatross Diomedea dabbanena is Critically Endangered: >99% of adults breed at Gough Island, central South Atlantic Ocean, where chicks are threatened by introduced predators. At sea they mostly…

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The roles of sex, mass and individual specialisation in partitioning foraging-depth niches of a pursuit-diving predator

21 October, 2013 by Norman Ratcliffe, Philip Trathan, Stacey Adlard

Intra-specific foraging niche partitioning can arise due to gender differences or individual specialisation in behaviour or prey selection. These may in turn be related to sexual size dimorphism or individual…

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Science goals and overview of the radiation belt storm probes (RBSP) energetic particle, composition, and thermal plasma (ECT) suite on NASA’s Van Allen Probes mission

18 October, 2013 by Richard Horne

The Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP)-Energetic Particle, Composition, and Thermal Plasma (ECT) suite contains an innovative complement of particle instruments to ensure the highest quality measurements ever made in the…

Read more on Science goals and overview of the radiation belt storm probes (RBSP) energetic particle, composition, and thermal plasma (ECT) suite on NASA’s Van Allen Probes mission

Seismic stratigraphic record of the Amundsen Sea Embayment shelf from pre-glacial to recent times: Evidence for a dynamic West Antarctic Ice Sheet

1 October, 2013 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, Robert Larter

Studies of the sedimentary architecture and characteristics of the Antarctic continental margin provide clues about past ice sheet advance-retreat cycles and help improve constraints for paleo-ice dynamic models since early…

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Lower ionosphere monitoring by the South America VLF Network (SAVNET): C-region occurrence and atmospheric temperature variability

1 October, 2013 by Mark Clilverd

Daily profiles of phase measurements as observed on fixed VLF-paths generally show a transient phase advance, followed by a phase delay, for about 90 minutes after sunrise hours. This is indicative…

Read more on Lower ionosphere monitoring by the South America VLF Network (SAVNET): C-region occurrence and atmospheric temperature variability