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Physical Conditions of Fast Glacier Flow: 1. Measurements From Boreholes Drilled to the Bed of Store Glacier, West Greenland

1 February, 2018 by Tun Jan Young

Marine‐terminating outlet glaciers of the Greenland Ice Sheet make significant contributions to global sea level rise, yet the conditions that facilitate their fast flow remain poorly constrained owing to a…

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Comparison of relativistic microburst activity seen by SAMPEX with ground-based wave measurements at Halley, Antarctica

1 February, 2018 by Mark Clilverd

Relativistic electron microbursts are a known radiation belt particle precipitation phenomenon; however, experimental evidence of their drivers in space have just begun to be observed. Recent modeling efforts have shown…

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The last forests on Antarctica: reconstructing flora and temperature from the Neogene Sirius Group, Transantarctic Mountains

12 January, 2018 by Jane Francis

Fossil-bearing deposits in the Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica indicate that, despite the cold nature of the continent’s climate, a tundra ecosystem grew during periods of ice sheet retreat in the mid…

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“Live” (stained) benthic foraminiferal living depths, stable isotopes, and taxonomy offshore South Georgia, Southern Ocean: implications for calcification depths

5 January, 2018 by Claire Allen, Victoria Peck

It is widely held that benthic foraminifera exhibit species-specific calcification depth preferences, with their tests recording sediment pore water chemistry at that depth (i.e. stable isotope and trace metal compositions).…

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Temperature adaptation of lipids in diapausing Ostrinia nubilalis: an experimental study to distinguish environmental versus endogenous controls

1 January, 2018 by Roger Worland

Larvae of the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hubn.) were cold acclimated during different phases of diapause to determine if changes in the fatty acid composition lipids occur as part…

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Spatial distributions of Southern Ocean mesozooplankton communities have been resilient to long-term surface warming

1 January, 2018 by Geraint Tarling, Peter Ward, Sally Thorpe

The biogeographic response of oceanic planktonic communities to climatic change has a large influence on the future stability of marine food webs and the functioning of global biogeochemical cycles. Temperature…

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Exploring the Recovery Lakes region and interior Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica, with airborne gravity, magnetic and radar measurements

1 January, 2018 by Fausto Ferraccioli, Tom Jordan

Long-range airborne geophysical measurements were carried out in the ICEGRAV campaigns, covering hitherto unexplored parts of interior East Antarctica and part of the Antarctic Peninsula. The airborne surveys provided a…

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CMIP5 diversity in southern westerly jet projections related to historical sea ice area; strong link to strengthening and weak link to shift

1 January, 2018 by Caroline Holmes, Thomas Bracegirdle

A major feature of projected changes in Southern Hemisphere climate under future scenarios of increased greenhouse gas concentrations is the poleward shift and strengthening of the main eddy-driven belt of…

Read more on CMIP5 diversity in southern westerly jet projections related to historical sea ice area; strong link to strengthening and weak link to shift

An empirical orthogonal function reanalysis of the northern polar external and induced magnetic field during solar cycle 23

1 January, 2018 by Mervyn Freeman, Rob Shore

We apply the method of data-interpolating Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOFs) to ground-based magnetic vector data from the SuperMAG archive to produce a series of month-length reanalyses of the surface external…

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Thermal adaptation in a marine-derived tropical strain of Fusarium equiseti and polar strains of Pseudogymnoascus spp. under different nutrient sources

1 January, 2018 by Peter Convey

We documented relative growth rates (RGRs) and activities of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes (EHEs) of one marine-derived tropical strain of Fusarium equiseti originally isolated from Malaysia and two polar strains of…

Read more on Thermal adaptation in a marine-derived tropical strain of Fusarium equiseti and polar strains of Pseudogymnoascus spp. under different nutrient sources

Review of potential line-transect methodologies for estimating abundance of dolphin stocks in the eastern tropical Pacific

1 January, 2018 by Peter Fretwell

A twelve-year hiatus in fishery-independent marine mammal surveys in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean (ETP), combined with a mandate to monitor dolphin stock status under international agreements and the need…

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Additive effects of climate and fisheries drive ongoing declines in multiple albatross species

12 December, 2017 by Andrew Wood, Deborah Pardo, Jaume Forcada, Louise Ireland, Richard Phillips

Environmental and anthropogenic factors often drive population declines in top predators, but how their influences may combine remains unclear. Albatrosses are particularly threatened. They breed in fast-changing environments, and their…

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Influence of device accuracy and choice of algorithm for species distribution modelling of seabirds: A case study using black-browed albatrosses

1 December, 2017 by Janet Silk, Richard Phillips

Species distribution models (SDM) based on tracking data from different devices are used increasingly to explain and predict seabird distributions. However, different tracking methods provide different data resolutions, ranging from…

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Snow densification and recent accumulation along the iSTAR traverse, Pine Island Glacier, Antarctica.

1 December, 2017 by Andy Smith, Jan De Rydt, Robert Arthern, Rebecca Tuckwell, Robert Mulvaney

Neutron probe measurements of snow density from 22 sites in the Pine Island Glacier basin have been used to determine mean annual accumulation using an automatic annual-layer identification routine. A…

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Investigating trehalose synthesis genes after cold acclimation in the Antarctic nematode Panagrolaimus sp. DAW1

1 December, 2017 by Michael Thorne

Panagrolaimus sp. DAW1 is a freeze-tolerant Antarctic nematode which survives extensive intracellular ice formation. The molecular mechanisms of this extreme adaptation are still poorly understood. We recently showed that desiccation-enhanced…

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Nitrogen and phosphate removal by free and immobilised cells of Scenedesmus bijugatus (Kützing) from the Pinang River estuary, Penang, Malaysia

1 December, 2017 by Peter Convey

This research studied the effects of inorganic nutrient removal by free and immobilized Scenedesmus bijugatus cells, measured by algal growth (i.e., the chlorophyll a concentration) and the efficiency of the…

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Genetic population structure of black-browed and Campbell albatrosses, and implications for assigning provenance of birds killed in fisheries

1 December, 2017 by Richard Phillips

1.Previous genetic studies found evidence of at least three distinct groups of black-browed Thalassarche melanophris and Campbell Thalassarche impavida albatrosses in the Southern Ocean. Almost 350 individuals including samples from…

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Strong tidal variations in ice flow observed across the entire Ronne Ice Shelf and adjoining ice streams

20 November, 2017 by Hilmar Gudmundsson, Hugh Corr, Keith Makinson, Keith Nicholls, Sebastian Rosier

We present a compilation of GPS time series, including those for previously unpublished sites, showing that flow across the entire Ronne Ice Shelf and its adjoining ice streams is strongly…

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BedMachine v3: Complete Bed Topography and Ocean Bathymetry Mapping of Greenland From Multibeam Echo Sounding Combined With Mass Conservation

16 November, 2017 by Kelly Hogan

Greenland's bed topography is a primary control on ice flow, grounding line migration, calving dynamics, and subglacial drainage. Moreover, fjord bathymetry regulates the penetration of warm Atlantic water (AW) that…

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The contribution of compressional magnetic pumping to the energization of the Earth’s outer electron radiation belt during high-speed-stream-driven storms

13 November, 2017 by Nigel Meredith, Richard Horne

Compressional magnetic pumping is an interaction between cyclic magnetic compressions and pitch-angle scattering with the scattering acting as a catalyst to allow the cyclic compressions to energize particles. Compressional magnetic…

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Pole-to-pole connections: Similarities between Arctic and Antarctic microbiomes and their vulnerability to environmental change

10 November, 2017 by David Pearce, Peter Convey

The global biogeography of microorganisms remains poorly resolved, which limits the current understanding of microbial resilience toward environmental changes. Using high-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, we characterized the microbial…

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In situ measurements of cloud microphysics and aerosol over coastal Antarctica during the MAC campaign

6 November, 2017 by Amelie Kirchgaessner, Constantino Listowski, Thomas Lachlan-Cope

During austral summer 2015, the Microphysics of Antarctic Clouds (MAC) field campaign collected unique and detailed airborne and ground-based in situ measurements of cloud and aerosol properties over coastal Antarctica…

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