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The challenge to understand the zoo of particle transport regimes during resonant wave-particle interactions for given survey-mode wave spectra

13 March, 2024 by Nigel Meredith

Quasilinear theories have been shown to well describe a range of transport phenomena in magnetospheric, space, astrophysical and laboratory plasma “weak turbulence” scenarios. It is well known that the resonant…

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Advances in remote sensing of emperor penguins: first multi-year time series documenting trends in the global population

13 March, 2024 by Philip Trathan, Peter Fretwell

Like many polar animals, emperor penguin populations are challenging to monitor because of the species' life history and remoteness. Consequently, it has been difficult to establish its global status, a…

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A framework for estimating the anthropogenic part of Antarctica’s sea level contribution in a synthetic setting

11 March, 2024 by Alexander Bradley, Rosie Williams, David Bett, Paul Holland, Robert Arthern

The relative contributions of anthropogenic climate change and internal variability in sea level rise from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet are yet to be determined. Even the way to address…

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Observing change in pelagic animals as sampling methods shift: the case of Antarctic krill

8 March, 2024 by Alison Cleary, Anna Belcher, Cecilia Liszka, Eugene Murphy, Geraint Tarling, Jaume Forcada, Nadine Johnston, Philip Trathan, Ryan Saunders, Simeon Hill, Sophie Fielding

Understanding and managing the response of marine ecosystems to human pressures including climate change requires reliable large-scale and multi-decadal information on the state of key populations. These populations include the…

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A comparison of two statistical postprocessing methods for heavy‐precipitation forecasts over India during the summer monsoon

6 March, 2024 by Andrew Orr

Accurate ensemble forecasts of heavy precipitation in India are vital for many applications and essential for early warning of damaging flood events, especially during the monsoon season. In this study…

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Diesel−biodegradation and biosurfactant−production by Janthinobacterium lividum AQ5-29 and Pseudomonas fildesensis AQ5-41 isolated from Antarctic soil

1 March, 2024 by Peter Convey

Given the substantial diesel demand in Antarctic operations, the means of addressing ecological restoration following its inappropriate release are attracting attention from researchers. The Madrid Protocol mandates the use of…

Read more on Diesel−biodegradation and biosurfactant−production by Janthinobacterium lividum AQ5-29 and Pseudomonas fildesensis AQ5-41 isolated from Antarctic soil

Chorus wave power at the strong diffusion limit overcomes electron losses due to strong diffusion

27 February, 2024 by Richard Horne, Sarah Glauert, Thomas Daggitt

Earth’s radiation belts consist of high-energy charged particles trapped by Earth’s magnetic field. Strong pitch angle diffusion of electrons caused by wave-particle interaction in Earth’s radiation belts has primarily been…

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Synchronous retreat of Thwaites and Pine Island glaciers in response to external forcings in the presatellite era

26 February, 2024 by Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand, James Smith, James Kirkham, Kelly Hogan, Robert Larter

Today, relatively warm Circumpolar Deep Water is melting Thwaites Glacier at the base of its ice shelf and at the grounding zone, contributing to significant ice retreat. Accelerating ice loss…

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Fungal and fungal-like diversity present in ornithogenically influenced maritime Antarctic soils assessed using metabarcoding

22 February, 2024 by Peter Convey

We assessed soil fungal and fungal-like diversity using metabarcoding in ornithogenically influenced soils around nests of the bird species Phalacrocorax atriceps, Macronectes giganteus, Pygoscelis antarcticus, and Pygoscelis adelie on the…

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Southward migration of the zero-degree isotherm latitude over the Southern Ocean and the Antarctic Peninsula: cryospheric, biotic and societal implications

20 February, 2024 by Lloyd Peck

The seasonal movement of the zero-degree isotherm across the Southern Ocean and Antarctic Peninsula drives major changes in the physical and biological processes around maritime Antarctica. These include spatial and…

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Source variations in volatile contents of Bransfield Strait back-arc and Phoenix/West Scotia mid-ocean ridge lavas, northern Antarctic Peninsula

20 February, 2024 by Teal Riley

We present the first volatile contents (H2O, CO2, Cl, F, S) of young (< 6 Ma) submarine basaltic glasses from the Phoenix and West Scotia mid-ocean ridges and the Bransfield Strait…

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Evaporative controls on Antarctic precipitation: an ECHAM6 model study using innovative water tracer diagnostics

13 February, 2024 by Alison McLaren, Louise Sime, Qinggang Gao, Thomas Bracegirdle

Improving our understanding of the controls on Antarctic precipitation is critical for gaining insights into past and future polar and global environmental changes. Here we develop innovative water tracing diagnostics…

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Review of Satellite Remote Sensing and Unoccupied Aircraft Systems for Counting Wildlife on Land

8 February, 2024 by Ellen Bowler, Hannah Cubaynes, Marie Attard, Penny Clarke, Peter Fretwell, Richard Phillips

Although many medium-to-large terrestrial vertebrates are still counted by ground or aerial surveys, remote-sensing technologies and image analysis have developed rapidly in recent decades, offering improved accuracy and repeatability, lower…

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An outsider on the Antarctic Peninsula: A new record of the non-native moth Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

5 February, 2024 by Peter Convey

We report the first record of the microlepidopteran Plodia interpunctella beyond the South Shetland Islands at the Chilean Yelcho scientific station (64°52′33.1428″ S; 63°35′1.9572″ W), Doumer Island, close to the…

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Assessing the trophic ecology of Southern Ocean Myctophidae: the added value of DNA metabarcoding

1 February, 2024 by Alison Cleary, Jennifer Freer, Martin Collins

Lanternfishes (Myctophidae) are key components of mesopelagic fish communities globally. In the Southern Ocean, incomplete information on myctophid diets limits our understanding of their energetics, interactions and wider ecosystem impact.…

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The Extraordinary March 2022 East Antarctica “Heat” Wave. Part I: Observations and Meteorological Drivers

1 February, 2024 by John King, Thomas Bracegirdle

Between 15 and 19 March 2022, East Antarctica experienced an exceptional heat wave with widespread 30°–40°C temperature anomalies across the ice sheet. This record-shattering event saw numerous monthly temperature records…

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When ice and sea are not barriers for flies: First report of Trichocera maculipennis (Diptera) in South America

30 January, 2024 by Peter Convey

1. During the 2022/2023 austral winter, large swarms of Trichocera (Saltrichocera) maculipennis Meigen, 1818 (Diptera: Trichoceridae), were observed around house roofs in Puerto Williams (Navarino Island, southern Chile, 54° S). In…

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Tunnel valley formation beneath deglaciating mid-latitude ice sheets: Observations and modelling

1 January, 2024 by James Kirkham, Kelly Hogan, Robert Larter

The geological record of landforms and sediments produced beneath deglaciating ice sheets offers insights into inaccessible glacial processes. Large subglacial valleys formed by meltwater erosion of sediments (tunnel valleys) are…

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Environmental and behavioural drivers of Antarctic krill distribution at the South Orkney Islands: A regional perspective

1 January, 2024 by Eugene Murphy, Emma Young, Sally Thorpe

Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a key species in the marine ecosystem of the Southern Ocean, but is also the target of a commercial fishery, with an important fishing ground…

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Extreme environments as sources of fungal endophytes mitigating climate change impacts on crops in Mediterranean-type ecosystems

1 January, 2024 by Kevin Newsham

Societal Impact Statement: Climate change is predicted to increase drought and soil salinity in Mediterranean-type ecosystems (MTEs), posing a significant threat to global food security. Genetic modification of crops to…

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Spatial, temporal, and demographic variability in patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) spawning from twenty-five years of fishery data at South Georgia

1 January, 2024 by Connor Bamford, Martin Collins, Philip Hollyman

Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) are a commercially important species that support a longline fishery at the subantarctic island of South Georgia (CCAMLR Subarea 48.3). Understanding the life history of Patagonian…

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The infill of tunnel valleys in the central North Sea: Implications for sedimentary processes, geohazards, and ice-sheet dynamics

1 January, 2024 by James Kirkham, Kelly Hogan, Robert Larter

Tunnel valleys are widespread in formerly glaciated regions such as the North Sea and record sediment transport beneath ice sheets undergoing deglaciation. However, their complex infill architecture often makes their…

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Temperature variation in the South Orkney Islands, maritime Antarctic

30 December, 2023 by Andrew Orr, Emilia Dobb, Gareth Marshall, Guy Phillips, Hua Lu, John King, Sabina Kucieba, Steve Colwell, Tony Phillips

Meteorological records at Signy Station in the South Orkney Islands (SOIs) have recently been digitized to cover the period of 1947–1995. This study compares the newly available near-surface air temperatures…

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Intraguild predation in pinnipeds: Southern sea lions prey upon adult female South American fur seals in the Falkland Islands

29 December, 2023 by Kayleigh Jones

Intraguild predation, where a dominant predator kills and consumes a subordinate predator that is a potential competitor, is taxonomically and geographically widespread among mammalian carnivores (Palomares & Caro, 1999; Polis…

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Aliinostoc bakau sp. nov. (Cyanobacteria, Nostocaceae), a New Microcystin Producer from Mangroves in Malaysia

27 December, 2023 by Peter Convey

A new microcystin-producing mangrove cyanobacterium, Aliinostoc bakau sp. nov., was isolated from a tropical mangrove in Penang, Malaysia, and characterized using combined morphological and phylogenetic approaches. Cultures were established in…

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